高二英語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)從句知識(shí)點(diǎn)

 　　狀語(yǔ)從句是每年高考必考的內(nèi)容，在高考試題中加上其它從句的干擾，以及倒裝句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句的介入，使得狀語(yǔ)從句更為復(fù)雜。下面為大家推薦了高中英語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)從句知識(shí)點(diǎn)，請(qǐng)大家仔細(xì)閱讀，希望你喜歡。

　　1.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句

　　由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：when,while,as,before,after,once,till,until,since,as soon as,now that,hardly…when,scarcely…when,no sooner…than,有一些表示時(shí)間的副詞(短語(yǔ))或名詞短語(yǔ)也可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。如：directly,instantly,immediately,by the time，the moment,the second,the minute,the instant,every time,each time,next time,the last time等

　　重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容如下：

　�、賥hen,while,as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句

　　▲as表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”，往往和when/ while通用，但它著重強(qiáng)調(diào)主句與從句的動(dòng)作或事情同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。

　　She came up as I was cooking.(同時(shí))

　　The runners started as the gun went off.(幾乎同時(shí))

　　▲when(at or during the time that )既可以表示在某一點(diǎn)的時(shí)候，又可表示在某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，主句與從句的動(dòng)作或事情可以同時(shí)發(fā)生也可以先后發(fā)生。

　　It was raining when we arrived.(指時(shí)間點(diǎn))

　　When we were at school, we went to the library every day.(在一段時(shí)間內(nèi))

　　When we arrived there,the film had already begun.(先后發(fā)生)

　　▲while意思是“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”或“在某一段時(shí)間里”。主句中的動(dòng)作或事情在從句中的動(dòng)作或事情的進(jìn)展過(guò)程中發(fā)生，從句中的動(dòng)詞一般要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。在when表示a period of time時(shí)，兩者可以互換。

　　Please don’t talk so loud while/when others are working.

　　He fell asleep while/when reading.

　　Strike while the iron is hot.( 不可用as或when，這里的while意思是“趁……”)

　�、赽efore狀語(yǔ)從句的重點(diǎn)句型

　　▲……之后……才：It was a long time before I got to sleep .

　　▲不多久……就：It wasn’t long before he told me about the affair.

　　▲不等……就：Before I could get in a word, he had measured me.

　　▲剛……就：He hardly entered the room before he heard the telephone ring.

　　▲先……再：You can have a few days to think about it before you make your decision.

　　③since 引導(dǎo)的從句用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(包括過(guò)去完成時(shí))，則從句的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束,從句意思是否定的。如果從句的動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性的用完成時(shí)態(tài)，從句意思是肯定的。

　　▲He has never been to see me since I was ill.我病愈后，他一直未來(lái)看我。(不在生病了)

　　▲He has never been to see me since I have been ill.我病了，他一直未來(lái)看我。

　　▲I haven’t heard from him since he lived here.

　　自從他這里搬走，我就沒(méi)有收到他的信。(不住在這兒了)

　　▲I know him very well since he has lived here near us.自他住在我們附近以來(lái)，我對(duì)他很了解。

　　▲It’s three years since I was in the army.我退伍已三年了。(不在服役了)

　　▲It’s three years since I have been in the army=It's three years since he joined the army.

　　我入伍已三年了。

　　④如果與till與until從句使用的主句是肯定的，則主句中謂語(yǔ)要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞如果與其使用的主句是否肯定的，則主句中謂語(yǔ)要用短暫性動(dòng)詞。另till從句不可以置于句首，只有until從句可以放在句首。not until 放在句首時(shí)主句要倒裝。

　　2.原因狀語(yǔ)從句

　　由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：as(由于),because(因?yàn)?, since(既然),now (that) (既然), considering that(顧及到), seeing that(由于)。

　　I do it because I like it.因?yàn)槲蚁矚g我才干。(because不能與 so連用)

　　He couldn’t have seen me, because I was not there.他不可能見(jiàn)過(guò)我，因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)我不在那兒。

　　Seeing (that) quite a few people were absent, we decided to put the meeting off.

　　由于好些人都沒(méi)到會(huì)，我們決定延期開(kāi)會(huì)

　　Now that/Since you are all here, let’s try and reach a decision.

　　既然大家都來(lái)了咱們就設(shè)法做一個(gè)決定吧

　　As she was ill, she didn’t come to the party.

　　由于病了，她沒(méi)來(lái)參加晚會(huì)。

　　Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job.

　　考慮到他們才剛剛學(xué)做，他們干得算很不錯(cuò)的了。

　　重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容如下：

　　①because語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，用于回答why的提問(wèn)，可與強(qiáng)調(diào)詞only,just 以及否定詞not 連用。但不可以與so連用。如You shouldn’t get angry just because some people speak ill of you.另外注意與not連用時(shí)否定的轉(zhuǎn)移。He didn’t do such a thing because he was afraid of his wife.他并不是因?yàn)榕滤�的妻子才做這樣的事。

　　Cf:He didn’t do such a thing,because he was afraid of his wife.因?yàn)榕缕拮樱�他沒(méi)有做這樣的事。

　　because引導(dǎo)的從句可以被強(qiáng)調(diào)：

　　It was because she wanted to study abroad that she entered for TOEFL

　�、赼s語(yǔ)氣較弱，since語(yǔ)氣也較弱，但比as正式一些,所說(shuō)明的原因比較明顯或是已知的事實(shí)，多用于口語(yǔ)中，所以不應(yīng)該強(qiáng)調(diào)。常置于句首。

　　As all the seats were full,he stood there.

　　Since you are going,I’ll go,too.

　　③for雖解釋為“因?yàn)?rdquo;但只是一個(gè)并列連詞，它引導(dǎo)的是并列句，不是原因狀語(yǔ)從句。

　　The day was short,for it was December.

　　3.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句

　　由下列連詞引導(dǎo):where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere。

　　Anywhere he went,he got warm welcome.

　　The girl takes the doll with her everywhere she goes.

　　Wuhan lies where the Yangtze and the Han River meet.武漢位于長(zhǎng)江和漢水匯合處。

　　Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。

　　You’d better make a mark where you have any questions.

　　哪兒有問(wèn)題，你最好在哪兒做個(gè)記號(hào)。(這里where引導(dǎo)的從句不是定語(yǔ)從句)

　　4.結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句

　　由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：that，so…that，so that(從句中不帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)，such…that，with the result that等。

　　注意以下幾種結(jié)構(gòu)：

　�、賡o+adj/adv+that…

　�、趕uch(a/an+adj)+n+that…

　�、踫o+adj+a/an+n+that=such a/an+adj+n+that…

　　④so many/much/few/little(少)+n+that…

　　注意以上結(jié)構(gòu)與定語(yǔ)從句so/such…as的區(qū)別。

　　This is such an interesting/so interesting a film that/as everyone wants to see it/(it)

　　He didn’t plan his time well so that/so he didn’t finish the work in time.

　　他沒(méi)把時(shí)間計(jì)劃好，結(jié)果沒(méi)按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作。

　　We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.

　　我們走得匆忙，把門(mén)都忘了鎖了。

　　The village is so small that it cannot be shown in the map.

　　這村子太小，所以這地圖上沒(méi)有。

　　Jenny is such a clever girl that all the teachers like her very much

　　= Jenny is so clever a girl that all the teachers like her very much

　　Jenny是如此聰明的女孩，以至老師們都非常喜歡她。

　　I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over.

　　我摔了許多跤，以至于渾身青一塊紫一塊

　　He has so few friends that he often feels lonely.

　　他朋友很少，所以經(jīng)常感到孤獨(dú)。

　　I had so little money then that I couldn’t afford a little present.

　　我當(dāng)時(shí)囊中羞澀連一份小小禮物都買(mǎi)不起

　　5.目的狀語(yǔ)從句

　　由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：so that,in order that,for fear that等。目的狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, could, may, might, should連用目的狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, could, may, might, should連用。(so that也可用來(lái)引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，但從句中不帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)

　　Let’s take the front seats (so) that we may see more clearly.

　　我們坐前排吧，這樣我們看得更清楚些。

　　School was closed early in order that the children might go home ahead of the storm.

　　早點(diǎn)兒放學(xué)是為了讓孩子們?cè)诒╋L(fēng)雨到來(lái)之前回家。

　　He took the name down for fear that he should forget it.

　　他把名字寫(xiě)下省得忘了。(該從句中一般用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should+動(dòng)詞原形，或省略should)

　　Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.

　　最好多帶些衣服以防天氣會(huì)冷。

　　注意：so that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句只能放在主句之后，in order that 引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句可以放在主句之前或之后。

　　6.條件狀語(yǔ)從句

　　分為真實(shí)條件句和非真實(shí)條件句(用在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中)。

　　表示條件的狀語(yǔ)從句可以由if(如果),unless(除非), in case(萬(wàn)一), so /as long as(只要), as/ so far as(就……而言), on condition that(條件是……)suppose(假設(shè))supposing(假設(shè))(僅用在問(wèn)句中)

　　等詞或詞組引導(dǎo)。一般情況下當(dāng)主句是將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)候，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

　　As/So long as we don’t lose heart, we’ll find a way to overcome the difficulty.

　　只要我們不灰心，我們就能找到克服困難的方法。

　　Send us a message in case you have any difficulty.萬(wàn)一你有什么困難，請(qǐng)給我們一個(gè)信兒。

　　If you leave at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning, you’d better get to bed now.

　　如果你明早6點(diǎn)鐘走，你最好現(xiàn)在就上床。

　　We’ll let you use the room on condition that you keep it clean and tidy.

　　只要你能保持整潔，我們可以讓你使用這個(gè)房間。

　　As/So far as I know, he is an expert on DNA.據(jù)我所知，他是一個(gè)DNA專(zhuān)家。

　　He’ll accept the job unless the salary is too low/ if the salary is not too low.

　　他會(huì)接受這項(xiàng)工作的，除非薪水太少/如果薪水不太少的話(huà)。

　　Suppose/Supposing we can’t get enough food, what shall we do?

　　假設(shè)我們弄不到足夠的食物，那我們?cè)趺崔k?

　　7.讓步狀語(yǔ)從句

　　由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：although,though,as,even if, even though,while,whether…or,whoever,whatever,however,no matter+疑問(wèn)詞等。

　　We won’t be discouraged even if(=even though) we fail ten times.

　　我們就是失敗十次也不泄氣。

　　It was an exciting game, though / although no goals were scored.

　　那是一場(chǎng)精彩的球賽，盡管一個(gè)球都沒(méi)進(jìn)。

　　Whether you believe it or not, it’s true.不管你信不信，這是真的。

　　However (=No matter how) expensive it may be, I’ll take it.無(wú)論它有多貴，我也要買(mǎi)下它。

　　Don’t let them in, whoever(=no matter who) they are.不管他們是誰(shuí)，別讓他們進(jìn)來(lái)。

　　No matter what I say or how I say it, he always thinks I’m wrong.無(wú)論我說(shuō)什么或怎么說(shuō)，他總認(rèn)為是我錯(cuò)。

　　注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

　　①although,though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，主句前不能用but,但可以加yet,stil。

　　He refuses help although he has many friends who want to offer all kinds of help.

　�、赼s引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，必須用前置結(jié)構(gòu)，通常是從句中的表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞原形放在句首，放在句首的名詞前的冠詞要去掉。

　　Child as(though)he is, he knows a lot.(注意在child前不要用冠詞)

　　Much as I like it, I won’t buy.

　　Try as he would, he couldn’t lift the heavy box.

　　8.方式狀語(yǔ)從句

　　由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：as,as if,as though,the way等。

　　Do it the way you were told.

　　注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

　　①as引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)意義為“按照”，“如同”，前面常用加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)勢(shì)。

　　I did it just as you told me.

　�、赼s if和as though 引導(dǎo)的從句中，謂語(yǔ)常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，有時(shí)也用陳述語(yǔ)氣。

　�、圻B詞while 和whereas 可表示對(duì)比。

　　Whereas he is rather lazy,she is quite energetic.

　　9.比較狀語(yǔ)從句

　　由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：as…as,not as…as,not so…as,than等(詳情請(qǐng)參見(jiàn)【專(zhuān)題三】形容詞和副詞)。

　　10.注意狀語(yǔ)從句中的省略現(xiàn)象

　�、龠B接詞+過(guò)去分詞

　　Unless repaired, the washing machine is no use.

　　②連詞+現(xiàn)在分詞

　　Look out while crossing the street.

　�、圻B詞+形容詞/其他

　　常見(jiàn)的有if necessary、if possible、when necessary、if any等。

　　④比較狀語(yǔ)從句中的省略句。如：He arrived home half an hour earlier than (he had been)expected.

　　育路小編為大家提供的高二英語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)從句知識(shí)點(diǎn)，大家仔細(xì)閱讀了嗎?最后祝同學(xué)們學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)步。

　　(責(zé)任編輯：彭海芝)

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