高一英語(yǔ)：復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)第三單元2

 　　28. by oneself=on one’s own獨(dú)自

　　29. watch over 看守，照管，監(jiān)視

　　30.mobile phone手機(jī)

　　31. with the help of在…的幫助下

　　32. what’s more=inaddition 更重要的是，而且，另外

　　33. be filled with充滿

　　二、重點(diǎn)句型

　　1. …it nearly took two hundred years before I was built as an analyticalmachine…差不多到了200年之后我才被做成分析機(jī)。

　　It takes/took/be+時(shí)間段+before… “多久之后才…”

　　2. As time went by. 隨著時(shí)間的推移。

　　三、語(yǔ)法----被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

　　(一)概念：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。

　　(二)各種時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的形式

　　1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) am/is/are + done

　　2.一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) was/were + done

　　3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)⑴will/shall be done⑵be going to be done⑶be to be done

　　4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) is/am/are + being +done

　　表示說話人說話時(shí)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，經(jīng)常和時(shí)間副詞now (現(xiàn)在), right now (現(xiàn)在,此刻), at present (現(xiàn)在,目前), at this moment (此刻)連用。

　　5.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng) have/has been done

　　現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與already,always, often, ever, never, yet, not...yet, just等不表示明確的時(shí)間副詞連用,還可以和表示時(shí)間一直延續(xù)到目前的帶(ever )since, for的狀語(yǔ)及包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的詞連用。如: now, today, thismonth, this year, recently, these days，many times, so far, by now, in the past/last few days/years…等。

　　6.過去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng) had been done

　　7.過去將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng) would be done

　　8.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng) was/were being done

　　9.帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + be done

　　10.動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式 to be done e.g. It is an honor for me to be asked tospeak here.

　　(三)注意事項(xiàng)：

　　1.并不是所有動(dòng)詞都有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

　　happen,take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物動(dòng)詞或詞組無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

　　2.短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、固定搭配變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)介詞副詞不省。

　　E.g. Time should be madefull use of.

　　3.雙賓語(yǔ)：一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)成主語(yǔ)，另一主語(yǔ)保留不變。

　　E.g. Mother will buy me an iphone5.

　　→ I will be bought an iphone5 (by mymother) .

　　→ An iphone5 will be bought for me(by my mother) .

　　4.復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)(含賓補(bǔ))省to動(dòng)詞不定式變被動(dòng)還原to

　　使役：make sb. do sth.→Sb. be made to do sth.

　　感官類：see/hear sb. do sth.→Sb. be seen/heard to do sth.

　　e.g.Mum made me clean the floor.

　　→I was made to clean the floor.

　　(責(zé)任編輯：康彥林)

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