高一英語:必修一期末考必背知識點(diǎn)2 Earthquakes

 　　2)A large number of students went to see Mr. Zhang when he was ill.張老師生病的時(shí)候有許多的學(xué)生去看望他。

　　Only a small number of people are against this plan.只有少數(shù)人反對這個計(jì)劃。

　　辨析：a number of / the number of

　　a number of 意思為“許多”。中心詞為of后面的復(fù)數(shù)形式。

　　the number of 的意思為 “…的數(shù)量”，中心詞為number，因此，“the number of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，做主語時(shí)謂語動詞為單數(shù)第三人稱形式。

　　例如：

　　The number of books in our library is going up.我們圖書館里的藏書數(shù)量正在上升。

　　The number of the students in our class is 57. 我們班的學(xué)生人數(shù)為57人。

　　A number of students are playing football on the playground. 許多的學(xué)生在操場上踢足球。

　　5.The number of people who lost homes reached as many as 250000. 無家可歸的人數(shù)達(dá)到25萬。

　　短語“as many as” 意思為“和…一樣多，多達(dá)”，修飾可數(shù)名詞;as much as 與as many as 意思相同，但是修飾不可數(shù)名詞。類似的表達(dá)法還有：

　　as long as 長達(dá) as high as 高達(dá) as wide as 寬達(dá)

　　The great fire burned down as many as twenty buildings. 那場大火燒毀的房屋達(dá)到20之多。

　　He lost as much as 1000 yuan . 他丟的錢多達(dá)1000元。

　　The film lasts as long as two hours. 這部電影長達(dá)2個小時(shí)。

　　The mountain reaches as high as 2000 metres. 那座山高達(dá)2000米。

　　The road is as wide as 10 metres. 這條路寬達(dá)10米。

　　6.辨析：as / when / while

　　這三個詞都有“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”的意思。但用法稍有不同。

　　as強(qiáng)調(diào)“一邊……一邊……”或是“與……同時(shí)，側(cè)重表示主句的動作同時(shí)發(fā)生。

　　when既可以表示時(shí)間地點(diǎn)也可以表示時(shí)間段。

　　while只表示時(shí)間段，不表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)。它后面必須是延續(xù)性的動詞，而且多為進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。當(dāng)從句的謂語的動詞為延續(xù)性動詞時(shí)三者都可以替換使用。

　　例如：

　　When I got home, he was having supper. 我到家的時(shí)候，他正在吃晚飯。

　　I liked dancing when I was young. 我年輕時(shí)喜歡跳舞。

　　They talked as they walked. 他們邊走邊談。

　　A thief broke in as / while / when I was sleeping.在我睡覺的時(shí)候小偷闖了進(jìn)來。

　　While / When/ As we were still laughing, the teacher came in. 當(dāng)我們?nèi)赃�在大笑，老師進(jìn)來了。

　　Strike the iron while it is hot. 趁熱打鐵。

　　8.A wide and busy road which was built like a bridge over another road fell into the one below,. Many people were killed in their cars, but a few lucky ones were not hurt.一座以立交橋車輛川流不息的馬路塌陷到橋下面的路面上。很多人被壓死在自己的車?yán)�，但是也有少�?shù)幸運(yùn)的人沒有受傷。

　　這兩個句子中one(s)是代詞，用來代替或是避免重復(fù)上文提到的名詞。one只可替代可數(shù)名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為ones. 第一句中的one代替road，第二句中的ones代替people。

　　例如：

　　If the earthquake is a big one, a great part of the city will be destroyed. 如果那是個大地震的話，城市的大部分地區(qū)將要被毀掉。

　　I would like a pound of apples, the red ones. 我要一英鎊蘋果，紅蘋果。

　　He had no excuse for his being late, but he had to fine one. 他遲到找不著借口，但是他必須找一個。

　　If you don't like these cups, I have other ones. 要是你不喜歡這些杯子，我還有別的。

　　9.Third, you must make the houses as strong as possible. 第三，應(yīng)該把房屋建的盡可能結(jié)實(shí)。

　　As…as possible是個固定搭配，中間可加形容詞或副詞，意思為“盡可能的…”。

　　例如：

　　He had his breakfast as quickly as possible. 他盡可能快的吃了早飯。

　　Please come as early as possible tomorrow. 明天請盡可能早來。

　　They keep the classroom as clean as possible.他們盡可能的保持教室清潔。

　　12.Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake , but strong ones may stay up. 不結(jié)實(shí)的建筑物會在地震中倒塌，而結(jié)實(shí)的建筑物則可能安然無恙。

　　短語stay up 的意思是“挺立，站立，熬夜”等。

　　例如：

　　You must stay up in time of difficulty. 困難面前你必須要挺住。

　　He stayed up all night. 他通宵未睡。

　　He has been working for almost a whole day, but he can stay up. 他干了快一整天了，但是還是挺得住。

　　(責(zé)任編輯：康彥林)

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