一、國(guó)際銷售交易中付款方式的介紹。

　　1-1 課文：In international sales transactions, different methods of payment are adopted, depending mainly upon the relationship between the seller and the buyer.

　　注釋：transaction: 交易，事務(wù)，處理 method: 方法 adopt: 采用，收養(yǎng) depend upon:　依賴，依靠(= depend on) relationship: 關(guān)系

　　課文意思：在國(guó)際銷售交易中，會(huì)采用不同的付款方式，這要依賴于賣方和買方之間關(guān)系。

　　1-2 課文:　For example, if the seller and buyer know each other and have a long-standing business relationship, they may transact business on trust and the seller may periodically send invoices to the buyer for settlement.

　　注釋：for example: 例如 know: 了解，認(rèn)識(shí)，熟悉 each other:彼此，互相　long-standing: 長(zhǎng)期存在的 on trust : 不加考察，賒賬periodically:　周期性地，定時(shí)性地　invoice: 發(fā)票 settlement:　結(jié)算，解決

　　課文意思：例如，如果賣方和買方相互熟悉并且長(zhǎng)期存在業(yè)務(wù)合作關(guān)系，(在這種情況下)他們?cè)诓僮鳂I(yè)務(wù)上會(huì)采用賒賬的方式，賣方會(huì)定時(shí)地將發(fā)票提供給買方進(jìn)行結(jié)算。

　　1-3 課文：Payment may also be made by other methods such as “cash with order” when the buyer sends a cheque or a bank draft with his order, or by “documentary collection”， When the seller sends the relevant documents to his bank for release of payments by the buyer in the buyer’s country on the buyers’ acceptance or payment, as may be specified in the documents.

　　注釋：cash with order: 憑指示付款　cheque: 支票 bank draft: 銀行匯票 documentary collection: 跟單托收 relevant:　相關(guān)的，相應(yīng)的　document: 單證 release:　釋放，讓渡 acceptance: 接受，承諾 specify:指定，詳細(xì)說明

　　課文意思：也可以通過其他方式付款，如“憑指示付款”，即買方寄出指示性支票或銀行匯票，買方根據(jù)賣方的指示來(lái)獲得現(xiàn)金，或者也可以用“跟單托收”，即一經(jīng)買方承兌或付款，賣方就按單匯要求把有關(guān)單匯送到自己開戶行，等待買方通過賣方所在國(guó)付款。

　　1-4 課文：But in many cases, the seller and the buyer do not know each other and located in countries thousands of miles apart. They are not in a position to conduct their commercial transactions on trust. The seller is reluctant to part with his goods unless he is assured of possession of the goods.

　　注釋：case: 情形，案例，場(chǎng)合 locate: 位于 mile:英里　apart:　分開，分離，分別地 in a position to: 能夠 conduct:管理，操作　　commercial transaction:　貿(mào)易事務(wù)，商業(yè)交易　be reluctant to: 不愿意去做…，勉強(qiáng)去做… part with:　賣掉，放棄，喪失　be assured of: 確定… possession: 擁有，所有，占有，財(cái)產(chǎn)

　　課文意思：但是在很多情況下，買賣雙方都互不認(rèn)識(shí)，并且各自位于相隔幾千英里的國(guó)家。他們不能以賒賬的方式來(lái)操作他們的貿(mào)易交易。如果沒有確認(rèn)貨物的所有權(quán)，賣方不愿意賣掉貨物。

　　1-5 課文： In order to reconcile the conflicting interests of both the parties and to provide a mechanism for payment in such situations, the International Chamber of Commerce has evolved what is known as “Documentary Credit”.

　　注釋：in order to :　為了...　reconcile: 使和解，使和諧，使順從 conflicting:　相沖突的，不一致的，相矛盾的　interest:　利益，利害　mechanism:　機(jī)制，機(jī)構(gòu) evolve:　(使)發(fā)展　documentary credit: 跟單信用證

　　課文意思：為了平衡貿(mào)易雙方的利益，在這種情況下，國(guó)際商會(huì)提供并發(fā)展了“跟單信用證”這一付款機(jī)制。

　　1-6 課文：In simple terms, documentary credit means payment against documents instead of against goods. The documents transfer title to the goods.

　　注釋：in simple terms:簡(jiǎn)單的說　payment against documents：付款交單　instead of:　代替，而不是　transfer: 轉(zhuǎn)移，轉(zhuǎn)讓 title: 權(quán)利，物權(quán)

　　課文意思： 簡(jiǎn)單的說，信用證的意思是付款交單而不是付款交貨。 使用單證將貨物的物權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)移。