3-4 課文：However, containerization with standardized cargo units has made the calculation of the service cost per unit easier than heterogeneous break bulk cargoes.

　注釋：however: 可是，無論如何，仍然 containerization: 貨柜運(yùn)輸，貨柜裝貨 standardized: 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的，定型的 calculation: 計算，考慮 per unit: 每個單位 heterogeneous: 不同種類的 break bulk cargo：雜貨，普通貨物

　　課文意思：可是，計算貨柜運(yùn)輸?shù)臉?biāo)準(zhǔn)貨物單位的服務(wù)成本要比不同種類的普通貨物的服務(wù)成本容易得多。

　　3-5 課文：The carriers are therefore increasingly adopting the “service cost” principle nowadays, particularly with a view to fighting competition.

　　注釋：therefore: 因此，所以 increasingly: 日益，愈加 nowadays: 現(xiàn)今，現(xiàn)在 particularly: 獨(dú)特地，顯著地 with a view to: 著眼于，以…為目的，考慮到 fighting: 挑戰(zhàn)性的，適于戰(zhàn)斗的 competition: 競爭

　　課文意思：特別考慮到競爭因素，因此如今承運(yùn)人日益采用“服務(wù)成本”原則。

　　3-6 課文：The open market rates are also taken into account. When commodities move in large quantities and are susceptible to charter competition, the rates may be left “open” so that a liner has the option of charging whatever is considered appropriate in the competitive situation.

　　注釋：open market rate:　公開市場費(fèi)率　take into account: 重視，考慮 susceptible:易受影響的　so that : 所以option: 選擇權(quán) charge: 收費(fèi)，要價 appropriate: 適當(dāng)?shù)?competitive: 競爭的

　　課文意思：公開市場費(fèi)率同樣受到關(guān)注。當(dāng)貨物運(yùn)輸?shù)臄?shù)量大且易受到租船競爭的影響時，為了適合競爭環(huán)境，因此費(fèi)率可能會公開，所以班輪運(yùn)輸在運(yùn)費(fèi)價格方面有了可供選擇的權(quán)利。

　　3-7 課文：The liner rates are also subject to surcharges or adjustment factors which may be levied from time to time in order to enable the shipping lines to meet certain price variations in their inputs such as currency adjustment factor (CAF), the bunker adjustment factor (BAF) and port congestion surcharges.

　　注釋：be subject to: 受…影響的 surcharge:　附加費(fèi)用　adjustment factor: 調(diào)整因素 levy: 征收 from time to time: 有時 in order to: 為了 enable: 使能夠 shipping line: 航運(yùn)公司 variation: 變化，變更 input: 投入 currency adjustment factor:　貨幣貶值調(diào)整因素，貨幣貶值附加費(fèi)　bunker adjustment factor: 燃油價格調(diào)整因素，燃油附加費(fèi) port congestion surcharge: 港口擁擠附加費(fèi)(congestion: 擁塞)

　　課文意思：班輪費(fèi)率也受附加費(fèi)和其他調(diào)節(jié)因素的影響而變化，這些費(fèi)用可能會被不時征收以使航運(yùn)公司應(yīng)付投入中的價格變化，比如貨幣貶值的影響，燃油價格變化的調(diào)整因素和港口擁擠附加費(fèi)。