Martin Luther King Jr.
　　By the time the Montgomery Improvement Association chose the 26-year-old Martin Luther King Jr. as its leader, the bus boycott by the black citizens of Montgomery, Alabama, was already an overwhelming success. King would later write that his unanticipated call to leadership "happened so quickly that I did not have time to think it through. " "it is probable that if I had, I would have declined the nomination. "
　　Although press reports at the time focused on his inspiring oratory, King was actually a reluctant leader of a movement initiated by others. (The boycott began on Dec. 5,1955. ) His subsequent writings and private correspondence reveal a man whose inner doubts sharply contrast with his public persona. In the early days of his involvement, King was troubled by telephone threats, discord within the black community and Montgomery's "get tough" policy, to which King attributed his jailing on a minor traffic violanon. One night, as he considered ways to "'move out of the picture without appearing a coward," he began to pray aloud and. at that moment, "experienced the presence of the God as I had never experienced Him before. "
　　He would later admit that when the boycott began, he was not yet firmly committed to Gandhian principles. Although he had been exposed to those teachings in college, he had remained skeptical. "I thought the only way we could solve our problem of segregation was an armed revolt." he recalled. "I felt that the Christian ethic of love was confined to individual relationships. "
　　Only after his home was bombed in late January did King reconsider his views on violence. (At the time, he was seeking a gun permit and was protected by armed body- guards.) Competing with each other to influence King were two ardent pacifists: Bayard Rustin, a black activist with the War Resisters League, and the Rev. Glenn E. Smiley, a white staff member of the Fellowship of Reconciliation. Rustin was shocked to discover a gun in King's house, while Smiley informed fellow pacifists that King's home was "an arsenal. "
　　31. What did King think of his nomination as leader of the Montgomery Boycott?
　　A. He hadn't expected it.
　　B. He had to think about it carefully.
　　C. He would refuse to accept it.
　　D. He was prepared to accept it.
　　32. Why was King unwilling to lead the movement at first ?
　　A. Because he doubted if the boycott would be successful.
　　B. Because he was troubled with a traffic accident at that time.
　　C. Because he thought he was too young to be a leader.
　　D. Because he himself didn't start the boycott.
　　33. Which of the following is Not Mentioned as something that happened at the beginning of the black people's movement?
　　A. King was put into prison.
　　B. Black people disagreed with each other.
　　C. King's armed revolt proposal was turned down.
　　D. Black people found it hard to accept the policy pursued in Montgomery.
　　34. Which of the following was the immediate cause that made King change his view on violence?
　　A. The education he received in college.
　　B. The attack of his home.
　　C. The influence of two active non-violence advocates.
　　D. The verdict of the Supreme Court.
　　35. In Paragraph 4, the last sentence "King's home was 'an arsenal'" means
　　A. King's home was a place where people got together.
　　B. King's home was a place where people tested bombs.
　　C. King's home was a place where weapons were stored.
　　D. King's home was a place where bombs exploded.
　　參考譯文
　　小馬丁.路德•金
　　當“蒙哥馬利進步聯(lián)盟”推選26歲的小馬丁•路德•金作為領(lǐng)袖的時候，由阿拉巴馬州蒙哥馬利市黑人居民發(fā)起的抵制乘坐公共汽車運動已經(jīng)取得了壓倒性勝利。金后來寫道，這個他沒有預(yù)料到的擔任領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的提名，“來得很突然，以至于我沒有時間深思熟慮。”“假如我有時間深入考慮的話，我很可能不接受提名。”
　　雖然當時的報道把焦點都對準了他那鼓舞人心的口才，實際上，他并不愿意成為一個由別人發(fā)起的運動的領(lǐng)袖(抵制運動開始于1955年12月5日)。他后來的著作及私人信件顯露出，他是一個內(nèi)心的疑慮和公眾形象成鮮明對照的人。在他參與這項運動的早期，恐嚇電話、黑人團體內(nèi)部的不和以及蒙哥馬利市的強硬政策都曾困擾過他，并且因此使他由于一次小交通事故而坐牢。一天晚上，當他考慮“怎樣從這樣的境況中體面地退出而不顯得懦弱”時，他開始大聲祈禱，也就在那個時候，他“體驗到了以前從未體驗過的上帝的存在”。
　　他后來承認，當?shù)种瓢l(fā)生的時候，他還沒有堅定地遵循甘地主義的行為標準。雖然在大學里他已經(jīng)接觸過這些東西，他仍然對此表示懷疑。“我認為唯一解決我們種族隔離問題的方法就是武裝反抗。”他回憶說。“我覺得基督教中愛的美德主要指個人之間的關(guān)系。”
　　直到他的家在一月下旬發(fā)生爆炸之后，金才重新考慮他關(guān)于暴力的觀點(那時，他正在申請持槍許可證，并且由貼身的武裝保鏢保護)。爭著要影響金的兩個熱情的和平主義者是：反戰(zhàn)聯(lián)盟的黑人活動家拜德•羅斯廷和調(diào)和協(xié)會的白人職員之一格倫•伊•史密利。羅斯廷對在金的屋子里發(fā)現(xiàn)一支手槍一事感到震驚，而史密利則告訴反戰(zhàn)主義同胞，金的家就是一座“軍火庫”。