Development and the Protection of Environment
　　Modern technology has developed in a manner which often conflicts with the environment. The many industrial pollutants constantly　impact the environment in a harmful way. Nevertheless, it is possible and practical to achieve a high level of technology, with- out altering the overall natural environment.
　　There are two basic methods of conserving the natural environment. One is alternative technology in which techniques (such as windmills and solar energy) must be found for providing power. The other is to try to minimize the, effects of modern technology by the more efficient: use of materials and more, effective pollution control.There comes a point when the quality of life can no longer be, improved because of the high population density and the largely unsuccessful attempts to meet its demands.
　　Present energy policies of the western world are considering new energy sources to meet the demands of a growing population. The main Sources used have been oil, gas, and coal-which are in limited supply-- and nuclear power, which has problems concerning radioactive waste storage. Wind and solar energy are alternative possibilities, but only solar energy is likely to become a main power source for many countries.
　　Many of the materials used daily in a technological society are destined to be discarded, Rags, paper, metal, glass, and plastics are all substances that could be recycled or reused. Research is being done to determine methods of separating useful products from industrial and domestic waste.
　　The processing of sewage is also helpful. This is collected in gasholders and burned to produce heat and create electricity. The waste itself is often used for soil enrichment.
　　41. Modern technology is harmful to the natural environment mainly because
　　A. of industrial pollutants
　　B. it has become too expensive
　　C. it has become too complicated
　　D. it consumes all natural resources
　　42. Alternative technology suggests that
　　A. new ways be found to burn coal, oil and gas
　　B. solar energy and wind power be considered
　　C. new ways be found to store radioactive waste
　　D. the present energy resources be fully used
　　43. According to this passage, which of the following statements is NOT true? A. Modern technology often conflicts with the natural environment.
　　13. With the development of modern technology ,the quality of human life can be improved infinitely.
　　C. Solar energy is widely considered as a new energy.
　　D. Storage of radioactive waste from nuclear power can he dangerous.
　　44. From the passage, we can determine that
　　A. conservation technology is a necessity
　　B. nuclear power is the energy source of the future
　　C. problems of energy conservation are not worldwide.
　　D. all the industrial and domestic wastes can be reused and recycled;
　　45. Processing sewage creates large quantities of
　　A. water
　　B. electricity
　　C. gas
　　D. oil
　　參考譯文
　　發(fā)展與環(huán)境保護
　　現(xiàn)代科技以一種時時與環(huán)境發(fā)生沖突的方式發(fā)展著。大量工業(yè)污染物對環(huán)境起著持續(xù)的破壞作用。然而，使科技發(fā)展到一個高的層次而不改變整個自然環(huán)境，并非不可能或不可行。
　　目前，在自然環(huán)境保護方面有兩種基本的方法。其一是利用替代物，即開發(fā)其他的能源 技術，比如風車或太陽能。其二則是通過提高材料的利用率和加強污染控制而把現(xiàn)代技術對環(huán)境的影響減至最小。如今我們面臨的一大問題是，當人口高度密集而需求又不能得到滿足的時候，人類的生活質(zhì)量將不能再有所提高。
　　西方國家現(xiàn)行的能源政策是要開發(fā)新能源以滿足日益增長的人口的需求。人類現(xiàn)在利用的主要能源包括石油、天然氣、煤(這些能源的儲量都是有限的)，還有核能(而由于核能廢料具有輻射性，它在存儲上就產(chǎn)生了許多問題)。風能和太陽能有成為替代能源的可能性，但實際上，只有太陽能才可能成為許多國家的主要能源。
　　現(xiàn)代科技社會使用的許多日用材料注定將被廢棄。破舊衣服、紙、金屬、玻璃和塑料都可以被回收再利用。人們正在研究一種方法來提煉出工業(yè)和家庭廢品中的有用成份。
　　另外，污水加工也是一種有效的方法。把污水放在氣罐里燃燒可以產(chǎn)生熱能和電能。而固體廢物則常被用作土壤肥料。