2012年職稱英語《理工類》句型語序技巧(4)

8. neither ...nor意為“既不……也不”，表示選擇關(guān)系，位于句首時(shí)常用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。

1>. Neither does he like the job nor can he do it well.

2>. Neither did he go to attend the meeting nor did he come to the office.

9. both…and: 兩者都。。。表示并列關(guān)系

Both Tom and Peter are good at playing football.

10. while: 而。。。表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。

He is reading a book while his wife is watching TV.

B. 復(fù)合句：(complex sentence)

復(fù)合句是由主句+從句構(gòu)成，它是英語學(xué)習(xí)中比較復(fù)雜的句子結(jié)構(gòu)。一般來說，英語中一個(gè)句子只能有一個(gè)謂語，如果出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)謂語，那么其中一個(gè)謂語只能是以從句的形式或并列句或非謂語動(dòng)詞的形式出現(xiàn)。所謂從句是指從屬于主句的句子，由從屬連詞連接。從句的種類有很多，但根據(jù)其性質(zhì)和作用可以分為：名詞性從句，形容詞性從句(即定語從句)，副詞性從句(即狀語從句)三大類。

a. 定語從句(Attributive Clause)這是出現(xiàn)在閱讀題型中最多的從句!重要!

定語從句：在句中做定語，修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞。

先行詞：被定語從句修飾的名詞,詞組或代詞。

關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞;一般緊跟在先行詞后引出定語從句。分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。

關(guān)系代詞有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。

關(guān)系副詞有：when, where, why等。

關(guān)系詞常有3個(gè)作用：1，引導(dǎo)定語從句。2，代替先行詞。3，在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。

例如:

Once upon a time, there was a king (who had a small kingdom).

先行詞 關(guān)系詞

For one thing, the tigers ( that were kept in the zoo) were often used in court.

先行詞 關(guān)系詞

There came out a young lady ( whose hair was golden).

先行詞 關(guān)系詞

They would meet on the night ( when there was a full moon in the sky).

關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句

關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，從句謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。

(1) A teacher is a person who passes knowledge to the student.

(2) The book that is on the desk was written by Yao Ming.