2011成考輔導(dǎo)：成考專升本英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)資料二

來(lái)源：育路成人高考發(fā)布時(shí)間：2011-09-13

    四、名詞在句子中的作用

    名詞在句子中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)，有時(shí)可以作狀語(yǔ)。

    名詞、代詞或其他結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在人稱和數(shù)上必須與主語(yǔ)保持一致。

    1.主語(yǔ)是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

    All roads lead to Rome.（條條大路通羅馬。）

    His brother is an industrial engineer.

    The number of the students attending the party is increasing.

    the number of 表示數(shù)量，無(wú)論后面名詞是復(fù)數(shù)還是單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是單數(shù)形式。

    Two-thirds of the shop belongs to me.

    two-thirds 三分之二

    幾分之幾作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)是單數(shù)形式。

    belong to 屬于某人

    Both of us are studying English.

    總結(jié)：在名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，the number of 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單數(shù)形式；

    幾分之幾，謂語(yǔ)單數(shù)形式；

    both 謂語(yǔ)使用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

    2、主語(yǔ)是不可數(shù)名詞、不定式或動(dòng)名詞詞組、從句時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。

    All the money he received was given to his mother.

    Forgetting the past means betrayal.

    What we are talking now is useless.

    3.主語(yǔ)部分若有as well as， with， together with， like， but， except等短語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)與短語(yǔ)前面的名詞一致。

    Mary， as well as her two sisters， is a student of this school.

    （as well as her two sisters 作主語(yǔ)Mary的主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ) Mary 是單數(shù)，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式）

    No one except my friends knows anything about it.

    4.表示時(shí)間、距離、重量、價(jià)值等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果當(dāng)作整體看待，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。“…+（×）…=…”算式中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也用單數(shù)形式。

    Three times two is six.

    Three kilometers is 3，ooo metres. （three kilometers作為整體來(lái)看）

    5.Either， neither作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。

    Neither of us has been to Italy.

    Has either of them been to Shanghai？

    none代表可數(shù)的人或東西時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以用單數(shù)也可以用復(fù)數(shù)，代表不可數(shù)的東西時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。

    None of the students have/has seen the film.

    None of the money belongs to me.

    6.主語(yǔ)由either…or， neither…nor， not only…but also連接時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)形式由最鄰近的主語(yǔ)決定。

    Not only you but also I am wrong.

    Neither my aunt nor I am going out this afternoon.

    Either you or she is to do the work.

    7.主語(yǔ)中有and，如果表示單一概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。

    The bread and butter is nice.

    8.主語(yǔ)前有many a， more than one修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。

    Many a book has been read by the students.

    many a book=many books

    More than one person has been to the Great Wall.

    9.集合名詞作主語(yǔ)，當(dāng)作整體看待時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，當(dāng)作每個(gè)獨(dú)立的個(gè)體看待時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。

    The committee meets once a year. （作為整體）

    The committee are having a meeting now. （作為獨(dú)立個(gè)體）

    People， police作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

    The police have come to arrest him.

    名詞部分考試重點(diǎn)

    1、可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞里，哪幾個(gè)詞是不可數(shù)名詞。

    2、可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式重點(diǎn)掌握不規(guī)則形式，單、復(fù)數(shù)相同的名詞。

    3、名詞所有格重點(diǎn)掌握時(shí)間名詞所有格在其后加s，復(fù)數(shù)加。

    4、名詞在句中的作用，重點(diǎn)掌握剛才的9點(diǎn)。

    考點(diǎn)測(cè)試

    1.Ten days ______ long enough for Mr. Carter to finish his design. He doesnt need any more.

    A. is B. has been C. was D. had been

    ten days 作為一個(gè)整體看待，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式。（注意時(shí)態(tài)）

    答案 A

    2. Now， many people use the word Ms instead of Miss or Mrs， for example， before the names of ______ in business letters.

    A. woman manager B. women manager C. woman managers D. women managers

    names 是復(fù)數(shù)形式，其后的名詞肯定是復(fù)數(shù)。

    兩個(gè)名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)，兩個(gè)都要變。

    答案 D

    3. The number of students who failed the chemistry examination _____ to fifteen.

    A. have increased B. has increased C. is increased D. are increasing

    the number of 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。

    答案 B

    4. Neither John nor his father _______ able to wake up early enough to catch the morning train.

    A. was B. were C. would be D. have been

    neither……nor謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞跟相鄰的主語(yǔ)一致。

    答案 A

    5. The room is eight _______ long.

    A. foot B. foots C. feet D. feets

    foot 英尺，復(fù)數(shù)形式 feet

    答案 C

    6. When autumn comes， the ______ of trees begin to fall.

    A. leafs B. leafes C. leaves D. leaf

    leaf 的復(fù)數(shù)形式 leaves

    答案 C

    7. The flood has done _____ to this area.

    A. damages B. many damages C. much damage D. damaging

    8. Not only the students but also their teacher ______ at the meeting.

    A. was present B. were present C. have been presented D. has been presented

    not only…… but also 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與相鄰名詞一致。

    present 呈現(xiàn)，介紹

    答案 A

    9. One of the things she wrote about ______ life on a small farm at the beginning of the century.

    A. is B. was C. are D. were

    one of 謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。

    答案 B

    10. Only about one out of twelve of the young men and women of this country _____ college education.

    A. receive B. receives C. have received D. have been received

    one out of 謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式。

    答案 B

    11. Never before ______ so many people been engaged in producing goods just for the comfort of man.

    A. has B. have C. will D. would

    never before開(kāi)頭，句子倒裝。

    主語(yǔ)so many people為復(fù)數(shù)。

    engage in doing sth. 忙于做某事。

    答案 B

    12. At the bus stop _______ a soldier and two young people on their way to North Carolina.

    A. were B. was C. is D. sits and waits

    主語(yǔ) a soldier and two young people為復(fù)數(shù)

    答案 A

    13. There ______ the last piece of cake and the last spoonful of ice cream.

    A. goes B. go C. gone D. was gone

    主語(yǔ) the last piece of cake and the last spoonful of ice cream復(fù)數(shù)

    答案 B

    14. Mr. Brown， and not I ， ________ chosen to be the representative of the class.

    A. is B. am C. are D. have been

    主語(yǔ) Mr.Brown

    答案 A

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