高考英語閱讀理解推斷題訓練三

(2) 從寫用手法來推斷寫作目的

請看一個實例（廣東卷）

“Have you ever been out on a boat and felt it lifted up by a wave? Or have you jumped in the water and felt the rush of energy as waves came over you?” asked Jamie Taylor of the Wave Energy Group at the University of Edinburgh.“There is certainly a lot of energy in waves,” he said.

●The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to ______.

A. test the readers’ knowledge about waves

B. draw the readers’ attention to the topic

C. show Jamie Taylor’s importance  

D. invite the readers to answer them

【分析】作者在文章開頭提出問題讓讀者思考，或是簡單介紹與主題有關的其他事物，目的往往是為了引出主題（to draw the readers’ attention to the topic / to serve as an introduction to the discussion），故選B。

 

四、如何推斷文章出處

1. 提問方式

推斷文章出處的設題形式有：

The passage is most likely to be taken from______.

Where would this passage most probably appear?

The passage is most likely a part of______.

2. 解題技巧

這類問題應從文章的內(nèi)容或結構來判斷其出處：

(1)報紙：前面會出現(xiàn)日期、地點或通訊社名稱。

(2)廣告：因其格式特殊，容易辨認。(from www.nmet168.com)

(3)產(chǎn)品說明：器皿、設備的使用說明會有產(chǎn)品名稱或操作方式，而藥品的服用說明會告知服用時間、次數(shù)、藥量等。

3. 實例分析（全國卷）

Do you always understand the directions on a bottle of medicine? Do you know what is meant by “Take only as directed?” Read the following directions and see if you understand them.

To reduce pain, take two tablets(藥片) with water, followed by one tablet every eight hours, as required. For night-time and early morning relief (緩解疼痛) take two tablets at bedtime. Do not take more than six tablets in twenty-four hours.

For children six to twelve years old, give half the amount (量). For children under six years old, ask your doctor’s advice.

Reduce the amount if you suffer from restlessness or sleeplessness after taking the medicine.

●This text is most probably taken from a ______.

A. textbook                                                B. newsreel      

C. doctor’s notebook                        D. bottle of medicine

【解題思路分析】此題極易誤選D。的確，人們常在藥瓶上的說明中看到文章直接引語部分的文字內(nèi)容，但是像第一段這樣的內(nèi)容不可能出現(xiàn)在藥瓶上。由此可見，這一段文章應選自教科書中有關如何讀服藥說明的課文，故選A。

 

五、一點特別說明

閱讀理解中的推斷題通常涉及的是作者的看法、意圖與態(tài)度，即作者本人在文章字里行間所表達的觀點或看法，此時千萬不要誤認為是在問“你”(考生)的想法。請看一個例子（全國卷）：

Maybe ten-year-old Elizabeth put it best when she said to her father. “But, Dad, you can’t be healthy if you’re dead.”

Dad, in a hurry to get home before dark so he could go for a run, had forgotten to wear his safety belt—a mistake 75% of the US population make every day. The big question is why.

●Why did Elizabeth say to her father, “But, Dad, you can’t be healthy if you’re dead?

A. He was driving at great speed.             

B. He was running across the street.

C. He didn’t have his safety belt on.

D. He didn’t take his medicine on time.

【解題思路分析】10歲的女兒對父親說：“爸爸，你若死了，也就不可能健康了�！迸畠簽槭裁催@樣說呢？下文告訴我們：父親匆匆忙忙在天黑之前開車趕回家，以便跑步鍛煉身體，但卻在開車回家時忘記系安全帶。顯然女兒是在責備父親未系安全帶開車，即答案選 C。