09年高考英語復(fù)習(xí)知識匯總（三）

語法復(fù)習(xí)三：名詞性從句
21. Peter insisted _____ he pay the bill.
A. on that      B. what      C. that      D. on which
key: C insist 后面加that從句要用虛擬的形式: should+v, should可省略
22. They urged _____ the library open during the vacation. 
A. when      B. where      C. why       D. that
key: D 同上
23. We wish we could have learned _____ when we were at high school.
A. what you did           B. that you had done
C. that what you did       D. what did you do
key: A
24.1 will describe to you _____ I saw when there.
A. what      B. that      C. which       D./
key: A
25. From _____ I should say he is a good worker.
A. what 1 know of him         B. that I do know of him
C. what do I know of him       D. that do I know of him
key: A 
26. I will give this dictionary to __ wants to have it.
A. whomever     B. anyone     C. whoever     D. someone
key: C any one who wants to have it 
27._____ they will come here hasn't been decided yet.
A. What     B. That     C   . When     D. Where
key: C
28. _____ was said here must be kept secret.
A. Who     B. The thing     C. Whatever      D. Where
key: C
29. It is still a question _____ we shall have our sports meet.
A. if      B. that      C. what      D. when
key: D
30. I'm going anyway. _____ she will go is up to her to decide.
A. If or not      B. Whether or not     C. If      D. That
key: B
31. It is strange _____ she have left without saying a word.
A. that     B. what     C. why     D. how
key: A
32. It is very clear _____ our policy is a correct one.
A. what      B. that      C. why      D. where
key: B
33. _____ Mr Zhang said is quite right.
A. That      B. When      C. What      D. Whether
key: C
34. It has been decided _____ he will be sent there.
A. if           B. whether      C. why      D. that
key: D 
比較: It hasn't been decided whether he will be sent there.
35. It doesn't matter _____he' s come back or not.
A. if      B. whether     C. that     D. when
key: B
36. It's a great pity _____ we won’t be able to finish the task on time.
A. when      B. that      C. why     D. where
key: B
37. It happened _____ I wasn't there that day.
A. when     B. why     C. where     D. that
key: D  it happened that... 碰巧...
38._____ you have done might do harm to other people.
A. What      B. That      C. Which     D. The things
key: A
39. _____ leaves the room last ought to turn oft the lights.
A. Anyone     B. The person     C. Whoever     D. Who
key: C anyone who
比較: who left the room last is being looked into.
40._____ the 2000 Olympic Games won't be held in Beijing is known to all.
A. Whether     B. If     C. Whenever     D. That
key: D
41. _____ fails to see this will make a big mistake.
A. That     B. Whoever     C. Whether      D. Whether or not
key: B anyone who
42. __ we need more equipment is quite obvious.
A. What      B. Whether     C. That      D. Whatever
key: C
43. Has it been announced _____?
A. when are the planes to take off     B. that are the planes to take off
C. where are the planes to take off     D. when the planes are to take off
key: D
44. That is _____ we all support his idea.
A. what      B. why      C. where      D. when
key: B
45. That’s _____ we should do.
A. that     B. what     C. how      D. why
key: B 
46. _____ is troubling me is _____ I don’t understand _____ he said
A. What; that; what        B. What; what; what
C. That; that; what         D. Why; that; which
key: A
47. Things were not _____ they seemed to be.
A. when      B. why     C. that      D. what
key: D
48. That’s _____ I want to say.
A. all what       B. what      C. all which       D. what that
key: B
49. That’s _____ .
A. where our differences lie        B. our differences lie there
C. where do our differences lie      D. that where our differences lie
key: A
50. That is _____ .
A. where lived he there              B. where did he live
C. where he lived                  D. that where he lived
key: C 
51. The questions is _____.
A. whether is it worth doing        B. that if it is worth doing
C. whether it is worth doing        D. if it is worth doing
key: C
52. Water will continue to be _____ it is today next in importance to oxygen.
A. how             B. which        C. what       D. as
key: C
53. That's_____.
A. how did I become a teacher       B. how I became a teacher
C. how a teacher I became          D. that I became a teacher
key: B
54. They are just _____.
A. that what shall I have              B. what shall I have
C. that I shall have what              D. what I shall have
key: D
55. It looked ____.
A. as if it was going to rain      B. that as if it was going to rain
C. as if was it going to rain      D. as if that it was going to rain
key: A
56. That's_____.
A. how she did it          B. that how did she do it.
C. how did she do it        D. what she did it
key: A 注意選項(xiàng)D,多了一個(gè)詞: it
57. That is _____ we decided to put the discussion off.
A. where     B. which      C. that     D. why
key: D
58. That’s _____ I lived when I was ten years old.
A. where     B. at which      C. there where     D. when
key: A
59. My suggestion is _____ we should send a few comrades to help them.
A. if      B. that     C. when that      D. that where
key: B
60. The idea _____ all people are selfish is wrong.
A. what      B. that      C. why      D. if
key: B 
61. We heard the news _____ our team had won.
A. that      B. what      C. whether      D. why
key: A 
62. The fact _____ he hadn’t said anything surprised us all. 
A. why        B. if       C. that       D. whether
key: C
63.I have no idea _____ she will be back.
A. that        B. where       C. that when       D. when
key: D
64. We must keep in mind the fact _____ China is still a developing country.
A. whether      B. that       C. why            D. when
key: B
65. They have no idea at all _____.
A. where he has gone             B. where did he go
C. where has he gone             D. which place he has gone
key: A
高考語法復(fù)習(xí)四
特色: 推出一句話語法.一句話語法為語法之精要,在此基礎(chǔ)上擴(kuò)展就可以形成語法體系.
高考英語資料庫編寫組
語法復(fù)習(xí)四：定語從句
（一）定語從句一般由關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)
1、關(guān)系代詞：who, whom, whose, which, that, as
2、關(guān)系副詞：when, where, why
關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞必須位于從句之首(大家想一想什么叫從句來的? 在一個(gè)句子前面加上連詞.在定語從句中這個(gè)連詞叫做關(guān)系詞.關(guān)系詞的概念是:既要起連接作用,又要在從句中做成分)，主句先行詞之后，起著連接先行詞和從句的作用， 同時(shí)在從句中又充當(dāng)句子成分。
e.g. She is the girl who sings best of all.（關(guān)系代詞who在從句中作主語）
The comrade with whom I came knows French.
（whom在從句中作介詞with的賓語）
關(guān)系詞的概念是:既要起連接作用,又要在從句中做成分,那么怎么作這個(gè)成分呢(下面的用法要牢記喲): 
3、關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的用法：1）當(dāng)先行詞為人時(shí)用who 作主語，whom作賓語；2）當(dāng)先行詞為物或整個(gè)句子時(shí)用which ，可作主語或賓語；3）先行詞為人、物時(shí)用that ，可作主語或賓語；4）whose用作定語，可指人或物；5）關(guān)系副詞when（指時(shí)間，在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語，where（指地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語），why（指原因，在定語從句中作原因狀語）。
定語從句分為: 限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句.怎么區(qū)分,對于我們初學(xué)者來說記住:非限制性定語從句前面或者后面有逗號!
（二）限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句
1、限制性定語從句：從句與主句關(guān)系密切，去掉從句，主句意義不完整，
甚至不合邏輯。
e.g. I was the only person in our office who was invited.
（去掉定語從句，意思就不完整）
2、非限制性定語從句：從句對先行詞關(guān)系不密切，去掉定從句，意思仍然完整。形式上用逗號隔開，不能that用引導(dǎo)。
e.g. Tom’s father , who is over sixty,(看好這就是非限定性從語從句.注意到逗號了嗎?) still works hard day and night.（who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，整個(gè)句子可分成兩句來翻譯）
（三）使用定語從句時(shí)特別注意的幾個(gè)問題
1、that與which的區(qū)別。
1）用that而不用 which的情況：①先行詞為不定代詞all, anything, nothing, …；②先行詞有最高級修飾，有序數(shù)詞修飾；③先行詞有only, very, any等詞修飾；④先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)。
e.g. There is nothing that can prevent him from doing it. 
沒有什么能阻止他不干那件事。
The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 
在桂林他們所參觀的第一個(gè)地方是象鼻山。
This is the best film that I have ever seen. 這部電影是我看過的最好的一部。
Mr Smith is the only foreigner that he knows. 
史密斯先生是他認(rèn)識的唯一的外國人。
2）用which而不用 that的情況：①引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句；
②代表整個(gè)主句的意思；③介詞 + 關(guān)系代詞。
e.g. He had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry. 
他數(shù)學(xué)考試沒有及格，這使他的父親很生氣。 
This is the room in which my father lived last year. 這是父親去年居住過的房子。
注意: that與which的區(qū)別非常多了,很難記住. 一句話語法: 逗號后/介詞后使用which,其它用that一定不會錯(cuò)
3）as引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)的用法
①as引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句通常用于the same … as, such … as結(jié)構(gòu)中。
e.g. I want the same shirt as my friend’s. 我要一件跟我朋友一樣的襯衫。
Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China. 
我們車間使用的這種機(jī)器是中國制造的。
②as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用來修飾整個(gè)句子。通常用下列句型：as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as I expect 等。
e.g. As I expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination. 
正如我所預(yù)料的那樣，他在這次期中考試中又獲得了第一名。
3）as 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)與which的區(qū)別
①當(dāng)主句和從句語義一致時(shí)，用as；反之，用which來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。
e.g. He made a long speech, as we expected.
He made a long speech, which was unexpected.
②當(dāng)非限制定語從句為否定時(shí)，常用which引導(dǎo)。
e.g. Tom drinks a lot every day, which his wife doesn’t like at all.
一句話語法: as 用法—
1. 固定結(jié)構(gòu)中,比如 such... as  so...as to ...; 
2.如果句子譯成正如...一樣,一定使用 as
2. 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時(shí)，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞單數(shù)還是用復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)由先行詞決定。
e.g. The man who lives downstairs speaks English fluently. 
住在樓下的那個(gè)人英語說得很流利。
The students who are in Grade Three are going to climb the hill tomorrow.
一句話語法: 看一個(gè)第一個(gè)例子, who 指代的是哪個(gè), the man, 所以只能是 who lives 
3. 定語從句有時(shí)不直接緊靠先行詞，中間由一個(gè)定語、狀語或謂語隔開。
e.g. There is an expression in his eyes that I can’t understand.
4. 引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系副詞有時(shí)可以用“介詞 + which”來代替。
e.g. October 1, 1949 was the day on which 
( = when ) the People’s Republic of China was founded.
為什么會是這樣: 關(guān)系副詞=介詞 + which?
October 1, 1949 was the day which  the People’s Republic of China 
was founded on.
看一下上面這個(gè)句子,看懂了嗎?  which 在從句中做on的賓語(賓語有兩個(gè),前面講過的,一個(gè)是動(dòng)詞賓語,另一個(gè)是介詞賓語). 再看下面這個(gè)例子:
October 1, 1949 was the day when the People’s Republic of China was founded.
等量代換!  
5. 當(dāng)定語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞是帶介詞或副詞的固定短語動(dòng)詞時(shí)，短語動(dòng)詞的各個(gè)固定部分不要拆開。
e.g. The sick man whom she is looking after is her father.
6. 介詞在關(guān)系代詞前，只能用which和whom，且不能省略；介詞在句尾，關(guān)系代詞可有which, that, whom, 口語中也可用who，且可省略。
e.g. The man (whom/ who/ that) you were talking about has come to school.
高考語法復(fù)習(xí)四：定語從句
很多同學(xué)看了很多語法書, 可是覺得自己做題的時(shí)候, 自己對語法掌握得還不是很好. 當(dāng)然原因很多. 其一就是很多同學(xué)在研究語法(這是語法學(xué)家做的事情), 比如哪些詞可以做主語, 背得很熟, 可是做題時(shí)卻用不上. 其二就是基本的語法規(guī)則沒有掌握 本站推出語法復(fù)習(xí)專題, 從高考的角度來講語法 希望對有需要的同學(xué)有幫助. 
本專題使用的材料來源于網(wǎng)絡(luò),作者不祥. 本編寫組在原來的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步做了解析
特色: 推出一句話語法.一句話語法為語法之精要,在此基礎(chǔ)上擴(kuò)展就可以形成語法體系.
高考英語資料庫編寫組
語法復(fù)習(xí)四：定語從句
下面我們來做練習(xí):
一句話語法: 看看從句缺主語嗎? 
            缺,先行詞指人還是物? 
            不缺,往下來
            缺賓語嗎? 
(注意要看好,一是動(dòng)詞有沒有賓語;二是介詞有沒有賓語)
            缺,哪些先行詞可作賓語?
            不缺,怎么辦? 考慮用關(guān)系副詞呀,就是 when where why
注意: 如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)關(guān)系詞后面的名詞前面什么也沒有,光禿禿的,一定要考慮是不是應(yīng)該用whose
1. The man ____ visited our school yesterday is from London.
A. who      B. which      C. whom      D. when
2. The woman ____ is talking to my mother is a friend of hers.
A. whose      B. who      C. whom      D. which
3. Because of my poor memory, all ____ you told me has been forgotten.
A. that B. which C. what D. as
4. Do you remember those days ____ we spent along the seashore very happily?
A. when     B. where      C. which       D. who
5. Tom did not take away the camera because it was just the same camera 
   ____ he lost last week.
A. which B. that C. whom D. as
1-5 ABACD
6. Those ____ want to go please sign their names here.
A. whom      B. which      C. who      D. when
7. Where is the man ____ I met this morning?
A. when      B. where     C. which      D. who
8. Who is the woman ____ is sweeping the floor over there?
A. who       B. /        C. that        D. when
9. The man ____ you talked just now is a worker.
A. who           B. whom        C. to whom      D. to who
10. The man ____ you are going to make friends is my father’s neighbour.
A. with whom      B. when        C. to whom      D. which
 6-10 CDCCA
11. The doctor ____ is leaving for Africa next month.
A. the nurse is talking to him      B. whom the nurse is talking
C. the nurse is talking to          D. who the nurse is talking
12. The man ____ around our school is from America.
A. which you showed         B. you showed him 
C. you showed              D. where you showed
13. He talked about a hero ____ no one had ever heard.
A. of whom      B. from whom      C. about that      D. who
14. In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions ____ 
   were asked in French.
A. where      B. who       C. in which      D. which
15. Have you read the book ____ I lent to you?
A. that       B. whom      C. when      D. whose
11-15 CCADA
16. Finally, the thief handed over everything ____ he had stolen to the police.
A. that     B. which      C. whatever      D. all
17. The foreign guests, ____ were government officials, were warmly 
   welcomed at the airport.
A. most of them     B. most of that     C. most of whom     D. most of those
18. This is the very letter ____came last night.
A. who        B. which        C. that       D. as
19. I know only a little about this matter; you may ask ____ knows better than I.
A. whoever     B. whomever      C. anyone      D. the one
20. This is the school ____ we visited three days ago.
A. where       B. /        C. when       D. what
16-20 ACCAB
21. This is the factory ____ we worked a year ago.
A. where        B. that       C. which       D. on which
22. Nearby were two canoes ____ they had come to the island.
A. which       B. in which      C. that      D. /
23. Jack is pleased with ____ you have given him and all ____ you have told him.
A. that, what    B. what, that     C. which, what     D. that, which
24. Do you work near the building ____ colour is yellow?
A. that       B. which       C. its       D. whose
25. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ____ she could turn for help.
A. whom      B. who      C. to whom      D. form whom
21-25 ABBDC
26. Is this school ____ we visited three years ago?
A. the one       B. which      C. that       D. where
27. Is this the school ____ we visited three years ago?
A. the one       B. where       C. in which       D. /
28, How many students are there in your class ____ homes are in the country?
A. whose       B. who       C. whom       D. which
29. Alice received an invitation from her boss, ____ came as a surprise.
A. it         B. which         C. that        D. he 
30. The train was crowded and I had to get into a carriage ____ already 
    seven other people.
A. when there were          B. which there were 
C. that there were           D. where there were
26-30 ADABD 
31. I live in the house ____ windows face south. 
A. which       B. whose        C. where       D. in that
32. ---- What game is popular with them? ---- The ____ most is tennis.
A. game they like it           B. game they like 
C. best game they like         D. best game they like it
33. They stayed with me three weeks, ____ they drank all the wine I had.
A. which    B. which time    C. during which time    D. during which
34. The room ____ Mr White lives is not very large. 
A. that           B. which      C. where         D. when
35. Don’t forget the day ____ you were received into the Youth League.
A. when          B. that        C. at which       D. where
31-35 BBDCA
36. I’ve finished writing the novel, ____ is to be published next month.
A. that          B. what         C. which        D. when
37. He returned home safe and sound after a fierce battle, ____ was unexpected.
A. which         B. as          C. that         D. it
38. ____ we is known to all, English is not very difficult to learn.
A. What      B. As      C. That      D. Which
39. The old man had three sons, all of ____ died during World War Ⅱ.
A. whose      B. that      C. whom      D. who
40. I have bought two pens, ____ write well.
A. none of which    B. neither of which    C. both of which    D. all of which
36-40 CABCC
41. Do you know the reason ____ she has changed her mind?
A. why      B. which      C. for that      D. of which
42. He failed in the exam, ____ proves that he wasn’t working hard enough.
A. which        B. what       C. it       D. that
43. During the week ____ he tried to collect materials for his article.
A. following      B. followed      C. to follow      D. that followed
44. ____ was expected, he succeeded in the exam.
A. It       B. Which        C. As       D. That
45. He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, ____ his father expected.
A. that was what    B. what was that    C. and which was    D. which was what
41-45 AADCD
46. We should read such books ____ will make us better and wiser.
A. when       B. as       C. whose       D. what
47. You must show my wife the same respect ____ you show me.
A. when        B. as       C. whose        D. what
48. He is absent ____ is often the case.
A. what        B. which        C. who        D. as
49. It is the first time ____ I have come to your city.
A. that       B. which        C. what      D. when
50. Who ____ has the same idea as it will do it in this way.
A. who        B. that        C. whom      D. which     46-50 BBDAB 
51. I shall never forget those years ____ I lived in the country with
   the farmers, ____ has a great effect on my life.
A. that, which     B. when, which     C. which, that     D. when, who
52. This is the only book ____ I can find.
A. that       B. which       C. it        D. with which
53. I don’t like ____ you speak to her.
A. the way    B. the way in that    C. the way which    D. the way of which
54. That is one of those books that ____ worth reading.
A. is        B. are        C. has       D. have
55. This is the only one of the students whose handwriting ____ the best.
A. is        B. are         C. has        D. have
56. There was ____ to prevent the accident.
A. something could do            B. anything we could do 
C. nothing we couldn’t do         D. nothing we could do
51-56 BAABAD