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　　9.Culture Shock

　　No one can tell you how to adjust to life in the United States. You must make the adjustment through experience, and sometimes, emotional distress. This is the way it usually happens.

　　First, of course, you experience a period of excitement. You have a sense of freedom--you feel liberated from the rules and customs of your own culture, and immensely interested in those of American culture. This period is sometimes called the “honeymoon” stage.

　　Then certain customs in the United States begin to irritate you. As an example, we shall consider punctuality--the need to be “on time”. Americans look at their watches frequently; they try to be on time for work, for class, for meetings, for games, for religious services, and even for certain events. If you arrange to meet Americans for lunch at 12 but to meet at 12:30, you will probably find that they have either left or eaten without you, or become very annoyed even if they are not hungry.

　　Perhaps you are annoyed that American friendliness seems superficial; or that you unable to smoke without other people complaining; or that Americans always act as though they are in a hurry; or that the food never seems to be prepared in the right way. Perhaps you do not even feel annoyed, just homesick. The reaction can set in within two weeks of your arrival, or six months later, and its symptoms vary greatly.

　　You might find yourself angry at the time, or depressed, or suffering from a vague physical illness. You may begin to dislike the United States and its people.

　　Nothing is really wrong with you; you are simply suffering culture shock. You have a lot of familiar signs and signals, you have discovered that some of your assumptions about human beings are incorrect, and you wish you could make sense of the United States. Then another change comes over you: sooner or later you begin to laugh at yourself or at the strange things you see in American life, an d at that point you begin to recover. Soon, you find yourself living, peacefully, with the same American customs that used to upset you. You have become bicultural.

　　文化沖擊

　　沒(méi)人告訴初到美國(guó)的你如何適應(yīng)那里的生活，只有親自體驗(yàn)一番，有時(shí)甚至要經(jīng)歷情感挫折，才能入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。水土不服的情況時(shí)有發(fā)生。

　　你首先經(jīng)歷的當(dāng)然是初到美國(guó)的那股興奮勁兒。擺脫了本族文化陳規(guī)習(xí)俗的束縛，自由感油然而生;接著顯露出對(duì)美國(guó)文化的強(qiáng)烈好奇心。這段時(shí)期通常稱之為“蜜月”階段。

　　“蜜月期”過(guò)后，美國(guó)的某些風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣開(kāi)始令你不適。例如，你得懂得守時(shí)，更確切地說(shuō)是準(zhǔn)時(shí)。美國(guó)人經(jīng)�？幢�。無(wú)論是工作、上課、開(kāi)會(huì)、參加比賽或宗教儀式、尤其在特定場(chǎng)合，他們總是力求準(zhǔn)時(shí)到場(chǎng)。如果你約了美國(guó)人在中午12點(diǎn)鐘吃飯，卻遲到了半個(gè)小時(shí)，結(jié)果可能是他們或已離席而去，或已自己享用完午餐，或表現(xiàn)出極大不滿，無(wú)論當(dāng)時(shí)餓與不餓。

　　令你無(wú)所適從的情形還包括：美國(guó)人表達(dá)善意時(shí)顯得言不由衷;吸煙招致他人投訴;美國(guó)人做事總是匆匆忙忙的以及美國(guó)式烹飪。也許你對(duì)這些并不反感，僅僅是眷戀故鄉(xiāng)而已。

　　這時(shí)，你可能感到狂躁不安。些許的身體不適，令你情緒低落。你開(kāi)始厭惡呆在美國(guó)，不愿接觸旁人。

　　有這樣的感受再正常不過(guò)，這是文化沖擊的結(jié)果。許多似曾相識(shí)的場(chǎng)景歷歷在目，你會(huì)發(fā)覺(jué)某些關(guān)于人際交往的基本禮節(jié)在這里蕩然無(wú)存。你希望了解一個(gè)真實(shí)的美國(guó)。接著是新一輪思想蛻變：終有一日你開(kāi)始自我嘲解，學(xué)會(huì)從容面對(duì)美國(guó)生活的奇聞?shì)W事，并逐漸恢復(fù)自信。曾經(jīng)令你不知所措的美國(guó)風(fēng)俗如今卻能坦然面對(duì)。你已經(jīng)完全融入了另一種社會(huì)文化。