第一章：寫作基本技能

第一節(jié)主題句

　　請對歷年真題和模擬試題總結(jié)出topic sentence, 并對它進行復述或概括。

　　一．如何寫主題句(topic sentence)

　　1． 在審題過程中，從Directions 和outline找出主題詞(topic)和主題思想（controlling idea）.

　　2． 分析并確定兩者的關系。

　　3． 用簡潔有力的結(jié)構把兩者連接成完整句子。

　　4． 檢查并修改主題句，使之符合主題句的要求和特征。

　　二．主題句的要求和特征

　　1． 必須是判斷性質(zhì)的完整句子。以下就不是：

　　driving on freeways

　　The importance of gold

　　Is it necessary to take a part-time job?

　　2． 必須有概括性。以下就不是：

　　American food is terrible.

　　American food is tasteless and greasy because Americans use too many canned, frozen, and prepackaged foods and because everything is fried in oil or butter.

　　3． 必須包含作者明確的態(tài)度。以下就不是

　　I am not sure if it is necessary for college students to take part-time jobs.

　　4． 必須簡潔，吸引人。

　�。�2001）Love in need is love indeed.

　　5． 必須統(tǒng)領全文，但不能超出全文內(nèi)容。

　　(2001) Love is the noblest feelings of mankind.

　三．主題句的位置

　　1． 強烈建議放段首。

　　2． 其他部位可以設置主題句的復述句，如段末。

　　觀察此段：

　　Synonyms, words that have the same meaning, do not always have the same emotional meaning. For example, the words stingy and frugal both mean "careful with money." However, to call a person stingy is an insult, while the word frugal has much positive connotation. Similarly, a person wants to be slender but not skinny, and aggressive but not pushy. Therefore, you should be careful in choosing words because many so-called synonyms are not really synonyms at all.

　　四．主題句的復述 (Restatement of T.S.)

　　1． 如果是在段末，用強調(diào)詞連接。

　　2． 與主題句保持意思的一致。

　　3． 轉(zhuǎn)換方式：詞對應，同根，逆向