It is plain common sense—the more happiness you feel, the less unhappiness you experience, but it is not true. Recent research reveals that happiness and unhappiness are not really flip sides of the same emotion. They are two distinct feelings that, coexisting, rise and fall independently.

　　The recognition that feelings of happiness and unhappiness can coexist much like love and hate in a close relationship may offer valuable clues on how to lead a happier life.①It suggests, for example, that changing or avoiding things that make you miserable may well make you less miserable but probably won’t make any happier. That advice is backed up by an extraordinary series of studies which indicate that a genetic predisposition for unhappiness may run in certain families. On the other hand, researches have found, happiness doesn’t appear to be anyone’s heritage. The capacity for joy is a talent you develop largely for yourself.

　　Family members resemble each other more in their levels of unhappiness than in their levels of happiness. In a study conducted at the University of Minnesota twins were tested for a wide range of personality traits. In terms of happiness, identical twins who were separated soon after birth were considerably less alike than twins raised together. But when it came to unhappiness, the twins raised apart—some without contact for as long as 64 years—were as similar as those who had grown up together.

　　Why is unhappiness less influenced by environment? When we are happy we are more responsive to people and keep up connections better than we are feeling sad. This doesn’t mean, however, that some people are born to be sad and that’s that. Genes may predispose one to unhappiness, but disposition can be influenced by personal choice. You can increase your happiness through your own actions.

　　Psychologists have begun to find out who’s happy, who is not and why.②To date, the research hasn’t found a simple recipe for a happy life, but it has discovered some of the actions and attitudes that seem to bring people closer to the most desired feelings. Happiness is not the goal of humanity. However, to begin to think about how we think about happiness may help us to understand not only what we have but possibly what we don’t have. By exploring happiness, we may clearly know what we really want and ask ourselves whether what we want is worth getting. To begin with, we should try to understand a little of what happiness consists of in ourselves and in our relationship with society.

　　1. From the passage we learn that happiness and unhappiness .

　　A) are two different sides of the same emotion

　　B) work as positive and negative feeling respectively

　　C) are not inherently related with each other

　　D) have something to do with one’s heritage

　　2. It can be inferred from the passage that .

　　A) avoiding things that make you unhappy will make you happy

　　B) family members take after each other in the level of happiness

　　C) identical twins are much alike in terms of happiness

　　D) the feel of happiness varies among the different people

　　3. According to the passage,some people are born to be sad .

　　A) and there is nothing they can do to change the situation

　　B) but they can change their disposition through their own actions

　　C) so they feel unhappy most of the time in their lives

　　D) and they are less responsive to people than happy people

　　4. The word“disposition”(in Lina 4， Para.4) possibly means“ ”.

　　A) character B) arrangement

　　C) donation D) discharge

　　5.In the last paragraph the author stresses that .

　　A) there are some recipes for a happy life

　　B) happiness may help us understand what we have and what we don’t have

　　C) it is important to know what happiness really means

　　D) exploring happiness successfully can make us feel happier

　　難句突破：

　�、� It suggests，for example,that changing or avoiding things that make you miserable may well make you less-miserable but probably won’t make any happier.

　　解析:本句主干為It suggests...that...,for example為插入語。第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句;第二個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的是定語從句,修飾things; but引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的分句，其主語還是 things;may well“完全可能”。

　　② To date,the research hasn’t found a simple recipe for a happy life,but it has discovered some of the actions and attitudes that seem to bring people closer to the most desired feelings.

　　解析:本句主干為...the research hasn’t found a simple recipe...but....引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的分句，其中有一個(gè)由 that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾 actions and attitudes; to date為時(shí)間狀語，意為“迄今為止”; recipe“秘訣，妙方”。

　　答案與解析：

　　1.C) 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第一段第二句說 Recent research reveals that...same emotion.最近的研究結(jié)果顯示，快樂與憂愁其實(shí)不是相同情感的兩面，它們是兩種截然不同的感覺體驗(yàn)。這說明幸福與憂愁并不相同，故C)“幸福與憂愁本質(zhì)上無關(guān)”與文意相符。

　　避錯(cuò)指導(dǎo) 第一段指出：你越覺得快樂，你感受到的憂愁就越少，這是一般常識(shí)，但這并不是真實(shí)情況，所以A)“相同情感的兩個(gè)不同體驗(yàn)”與文章意思相反;B)“分別為積極和消極的感受”屬無中生有;D)“與一個(gè)人的遺傳有關(guān)”與文章第二段倒數(shù)第二句話相反。

　　2.D) 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第二段最后三句話指出That advice is backed up...develop largely for yourself.該句說明：享受幸福的能力不是天生的，主要靠自己培養(yǎng)。故D)與文章意思相符。

　　避錯(cuò)指導(dǎo) A)“避免使你不幸的事情會(huì)使你快樂”，與第二段第二句...may well make you less miserable but probably won’t make any happier.不符;B)“家庭成員在快樂的程度方面彼此相同”，與第三段第一句的意思相反;C)“就快樂而言，同卵雙胞胎非常相似”，與第三段第二句意思相反。

　　3.B) 推理判斷題。第四段指出，我們高興時(shí)，更可能對別人做出反應(yīng)，而且同外界的聯(lián)系比我們憂愁時(shí)更密切。然而，這并不意味著一些人生下來就憂愁�；�因可能使一個(gè)人容易憂愁，但是，性情可能受個(gè)人選擇的影響。你能夠通過自己的行動(dòng)增加自己的快樂。故選B)。

　　避錯(cuò)指導(dǎo) A)“他們無法改變這一情形”，與文中意思相反;C)“所以他們一生的大部分時(shí)間都感到不快樂”，屬無中生有;D)“他們對外人的反應(yīng)沒有快樂的人多”，文中只是說“我們高興時(shí)，我們更可能對人做出反應(yīng)，同外界的聯(lián)系比我們憂愁時(shí)更密切”，并沒有說憂愁的人對外界的反應(yīng)沒有快樂的人多，故可排除。

　　4.A) 語義理解題。第四段第四句提到Genes may predispose one to unhappiness,but disposition can be influenced by personal choice.根據(jù)上下文，這句話說的是基因可能使一個(gè)人容易憂愁，但是性情可能受個(gè)人選擇的影響。你能夠通過自己的行動(dòng)增加自己的快樂。所以答案為A)“性情”。 B)“安排”，是disposition的字面意思之一，但不是文中的意思;C)“贈(zèng)予”，也是字面意思，不是文中意思;D)“放出”，disposition無此義。

　　5.C) 主旨大意題。最后一段指出：快樂不是人類的目標(biāo)。不過，開始考慮我們?nèi)绾慰创�快樂可能不僅有助于我們了解自己擁有什么，而且有助于我們了解自己缺少什么。通過研究快樂，我們可能更清楚地明白我們真正需要什么，我們也可能自問我們需要的東西是否值得追求。作者在最后一段強(qiáng)調(diào)的是——我們應(yīng)該盡力弄清楚快樂包含什么。C)“知道幸福的真正含義很重要”與原文相符。 A)“有一些快樂的秘訣”，與最后一段第二句話意思不符;文中是說，“開始考慮我們?nèi)绾慰创�快樂可能不僅有助于我們了解自己擁有什么，而且有助于我們了解自己缺少什么”，并沒有說快樂可以幫助我們了解我們擁有什么，缺少什么，所以B)不對;D)“了解什么是快樂能使我們更快樂”，文中無此意。

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