One of the most common types of nonfiction， and one that many people enjoy reading， is stories about people‘s lives. These stories fall into three general categories： autobiography， memoir， and biography.

　　An autobiography is the story of a person’s life written by himself or herself.  Often it begins with the person‘s earliest recollections and ends in the present. Autobiography writers may not been entirely objective in the way they present themselves.  However， they offer the reader a good look at the way they are and what makes them that way. People as diverse as Benjamin Franklin and Helen Keller have written autobiographies.1 Other writers， such as James Joyce， have written thinly fictionalized accounts of their lives.  These are not autobiographies， but they are very close to it.

　　Memoirs， strictly speaking， are autobiographical accounts that focus as much on the events of the times as on the life of the author. 2Memoir writers typically use these events as backdrops for their lives.  They describe them in detail and discuss their importance.  Recently， though， the term memoir seems to be becoming interchangeable with autobiography.  A memoir nowadays may or may not deal with the outside world.

　　Biographies are factual accounts of someone else’s life. In many senses， these may be the hardest of the three types to write. Autobiography writers know the events they write about because they lived them.  But biography writers have to gather information from as many different sources as possible. Then they have to decide which facts to include.  Their goal is to present a balanced picture of a person， not one that is overly positive or too critical. A fair， well-presented biography may take years to research and write.

　　練習(xí)：

　　1.      This passage is mostly about_______.

　　A） the characteristics of autobiographies， memoirs， and biographies

　　B） famous autobiographies C） why biography can be difficult to write

　　D） differences between autobiographies and memoirs

　　2.      Helen Keller wrote________.

　　A） a memoir      B） an autobiography C） a work of fiction   D） a biography 　　　　

　　3.      Autobiography writers are not always objective because they ___________.

　　A） feel they have to make up details to make their books sell B） constantly compete with biography writers

　　C） want to present themselves in a good light D） have trouble remembering the good times

　　4.      The writer introduces each category in the passage by_______.

　　A） defining it     B） giving an example C） explaining why it is hard to write     D） telling when people first began writing it

　　5.      Diverse means_______.

　　A） able to swim in deep water     B） similar or alike C） varied or different     D） enjoying poetry

　　報(bào)考：♦2012在職聯(lián)考報(bào)名入口 常見問題 報(bào)考條件 ♦考試科目及時(shí)間安排

　　備考：♦在職聯(lián)考?xì)v年真題 ♦GCT復(fù)習(xí)規(guī)劃 ♦英語大綱及試題結(jié)構(gòu)♦備考技巧

　　輔導(dǎo)：♦環(huán)球卓越10月聯(lián)考輔導(dǎo) ♦學(xué)苑教育10月聯(lián)考輔導(dǎo)班 ♦北大MPA培訓(xùn)