2009年國際商務師業(yè)務外語輔導：外貿結算常用英語口語
來源：發(fā)布時間：2009-05-26 16:09:52
結算 常用英語 -金融保險 BANKING AND INSURANCE BUSINESS
(銀行、商業(yè)、消費、國家、民間)信用 (banking, commercial, consuming, state and non-governmental)credits
全市初步形成了以同業(yè)資金拆借市場證券市場和外匯調劑市場為主內容的金融市場體系。 A banking market system majored by call markets, stock markets and foreign exchange regulating markets is primarily formed in the Municipality.
實貸實存 actual loans and deposits
融通資金 allocate funds
規(guī)模效益 an economy of scale
買方信貸/賣方信貸 buyer credits/supplier credits
稅種(營業(yè)稅、所得稅、增值稅、消費稅、流轉稅、關稅) category of tax(business tax, value added tax 〖VAT〗,consumption tax, turnover tax, tariff)
外貿結算 常用英語 -商業(yè)票據(jù) commercial bills
信貸規(guī)模管理(存款準備金率、中央銀行貸款利率、公開市場業(yè)務) control over scale of bank credit (reserve ratio on deposits, central bank's lending rates, open market operations)
外貿結算常用 英語 -采取靈活措施 exercise flexible measures
融資(項目貸款、債券股票融資、集資、游資、經常性貸款、貸款利率、贈款、擔保人) financing(project financing, financing in the form of bonds and stocks, fund raising, idle funds, commercial lending, lending rate, grants, guarantor)
財稅改革 fiscal and tax reform
經過15年的努力，中國已經初步完成了價格改革，截止到1992年底，靠市場調節(jié)價格的商品已占93%。 Following 15 years of effort, China has initially completed prices reform. By the end of 1992, commodities subject to market regulation have accounted for 93%.
外貿結算常用 英語 -回收快 gain quick return
積極發(fā)揮利率的經濟杠桿作用。擴大了計息范圍劃分了利率種類和檔次實行區(qū)別利率同時推行浮動利率。 Giving full play to the economic lever function of interest rates. Spheres of interest-reckoning are expanded. differentiated interest rates are carried out b dividing interest rates into various kinds and levels. Floating interest rates are adopted.
寬限期 grace period
便民服務 handy service for the public
失業(yè)保險 insurance for the unemployed
大額定期儲蓄存單 large amount deposit receipts
信貸額度 line of credit
財政包干 local governments are responsible for their own finance; fiscal contract responsibility system
允許外匯額度和現(xiàn)匯進行市場調節(jié)，價格隨行就市。 Market regulations of foreign exchange quotas and cash remittances are permitted, and prices are changeable according t changes of the market.
生活待遇 material amenities
混合信貸 mixed credits
貨幣投放 money supply
信貸資金運行機制 operational mechanism of credit capitals
退休(養(yǎng)老)金 pensions
社會救濟對象 people eligible for social relief
履約保證金 performance guarantee
價格波動再次警告我們不要對糧食價格掉以輕心。 Price fluctuation once again warned us not to treat the grain price lightly.
盈利能力 profitability
累進稅率 progressive tax rate
差額墊支擔保 provide shortfall payment guarantee
回報率 rate or return (ROR)
回流貸款 recycling loan
還本付息 repay principle and pay interest on loans
償還期限 repayment terms
財政 revenue and public financing
風險責任 risk responsibility
社會保險 social insurance
社會保障 social security
社會福利院 social welfare home
社會福利 social welfare service
優(yōu)惠貸款 soft loan
國家/企業(yè)債券 state/enterprises bonds
統(tǒng)計結算和信息傳遞 statistics， account-settling and information transferring
股票 stocks
利稅分流 system whereby state-owned enterprises pay tax plus a percentage of profits
分稅制 system whereby tax revenues are shared by central and local authorities
稅基 tax base
外貿結算常用 英語 -財稅融資 TAXATION AND FINANCING
最初設立該機構是為了執(zhí)行反托拉斯法。制訂該項法律的目的在于防止壟斷和維護競爭。 The agency was originally established to enforce antitrust laws. These laws are designed to prevent monopoly and maintain competition.
政府頒布詳盡措施打擊欺騙性價格和暴利，相關的執(zhí)行細則將于4月1日生效。新規(guī)定將起到限制與保護的雙重作用。 The government has enacted sweeping moves/measures against gouging price and staggering/exorbitant/excessive profits, and the related detailed implementation rules will go into effect on 1st of April. The new regulations will play a dual role of restriction and protection.
將原來的高度集中的計劃金融管理體制改為實行中央銀行體制, 以人民銀行為領導，專業(yè)銀行為主體，保險公司、信托投資公司、農村信用社、城市信用社、證券公司等多種金融機構并存和協(xié)作的，多層次、多功能的金融組織體系。 The original highly-concentrated planned banking managing system is transformed into the Central Bank system, that is , establishing a cooperative, multi-levelled and multi-functioned banking organizational system which is bed by the People's Bank of China, operated with specialized banks as the main body and supported by insurance companies, trust investment companies, rural credit cooperatives, city credit cooperatives and stock companies.
建立保險金制度和物品儲備制度以便平衡供求關系。 The system of risk-proof fund and material reserve are designed to balance the supply and demand.
進一步擴大市場機制的積極作用，以抵消物價上漲對人民生活水平帶來的消極影響。 to further expand the positive role of market mechanism in order to offset the adverse influences of price hikes on the living standard of the people.
