2015高考英語作文寫作技巧:典型錯誤及對策(2)
【句法結(jié)構(gòu)錯誤】
1.句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完整
閱卷發(fā)現(xiàn)：句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完整的情況常出現(xiàn)在定語從句以及需要跟雙賓語的動詞結(jié)構(gòu)中。
× I'd like to communicate with students come from foreign countries.
√ I'd like to communicate with students who come from different countries.
√ I'd like to communicate with students from different countries.
× I can tell the foreign students about China.
剖析：
"告訴某人某物"為 tell sb sth 。
√ I can tell the foreign students something about China.
對策：掌握好主謂、主謂賓、主系表、主謂雙賓、主謂賓補五種基本句型和 there be 結(jié)構(gòu)。通過翻譯、改錯、改寫、轉(zhuǎn)換句型等將句法結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)化，要有意識地經(jīng)常運用已糾正的常錯句型，注意句子結(jié)構(gòu)的完整性。
2.懸垂修飾語現(xiàn)象
懸垂修飾語是指句首的短語或修飾語與后面句子的邏輯關(guān)系混亂不清。分詞、不定式、動名詞和省略句作為修飾語時考生受漢語影響常會出現(xiàn)懸垂現(xiàn)象。
× In order to help us learn English well, a foreign teacher will be hired.
√ In order to help us learn English well, our school will hire a foreign teacher.
× At the age of 19,my sister left hometown for Harvard University.
√ When my sister was 19, she left hometown for Harvard University.
√ When Iwas19, my sister left hometown for Harvard University.
對策：使用非謂語動詞和省略句作為修飾語時，要注意使它們的邏輯主語與句子的主語保持一致(獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)除外)。運用短語作從句時，要記住短語所表達的內(nèi)容不得與后面主句所描述的內(nèi)容有所沖突或者造成歧義。
3.漢語式英語，逐字翻譯
比如表達"我對這項活動感興趣，想?yún)⒓印?quot;
× I'm interested in the activity and want to take part in.
√ I'm interested in the activity and want to take part in it.
表達"公園里有一則告示，上面寫道：
'注意安全，道路光滑。'"
× There is a notice in the park, writing：
"To take no tice of safe, slippery sideway"
√ There is a notice in the park, saying：
"Watch your step. Slippery sideway."
對策：養(yǎng)成用英語思維進行寫作的習慣，不逐字翻譯題目所列的要求，遇到自己沒有把握的，可換一種方式表達。
【語法關(guān)系不一致】
表現(xiàn)為：主謂不一致、指代不一致、單復數(shù)不一致、比較對象不一致、時態(tài)不一致等方面。如：
× In the bedroom there are a bed, a desk and a chair.
√ In the bedroom there is a bed, a desk and a chair.
× The shoes are very beautiful. I think you will like it.
√ The shoes are very beautiful. I think you will like them .
對策：日常學習中，要多留心各種特殊的語法關(guān)系，注意培養(yǎng)英語語感。寫作完成后，只要認真檢查，就可以避免類似錯誤的出現(xiàn)。
(責任編輯：盧雁明)
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