態(tài)度觀點(diǎn)信號(hào)詞： 

論點(diǎn)：認(rèn)為，相信： argue , argument , believe , suppose, think , be convinced that [相信] , hold the belief that … , have a notion that …, view…as , regard….as , see…as, consider….to be, reckon [算作，設(shè)想],

論據(jù): for example , for instance , specifically, take… as an example

like , such as … , Imagine …. ,

調(diào)查研究：investigation , inquiry [hold an inquiry into a case對(duì)一個(gè)案子進(jìn)行調(diào)查]

research, study, survey, report , questionnaire[調(diào)查問(wèn)卷]，measurement ,

調(diào)查研究結(jié)果：

得出結(jié)論： conclude that … ，come to a conclusion that …. , draw a conclusion that …

表明，發(fā)現(xiàn)： show , suggest , demonstrate , manifest [清楚地顯示或表示] display,

find , find out, discover, reveal , prove

indicate, imply,

預(yù)測(cè)： forecast , foretell, foresee, predict

表示贊同： agree, appreciate , approve, consent to

表示反對(duì)： against , disagree, disapprove, dissent , object to , be opposed to

表示事實(shí)： belief , fact , reality, truth

表示理論，設(shè)想：assumption , theory, hypothesis [假設(shè)]

表示目的： to do, aim at, for the sake of , for , serve as, in favor of [有利于],

for the purpose of, intend to do ,

論據(jù)中常見(jiàn)專(zhuān)家名稱(chēng)：

expert , specialist , professor , associate professor [副教授]， sociologist [社會(huì)學(xué)家]，

economist, linguist[語(yǔ)言學(xué)家]，consultant [顧問(wèn)] psychologist [心理學(xué)家]，behaviorist [行為學(xué)家]，

philosopher[哲學(xué)家] , anthropologist [人類(lèi)學(xué)家]，archaeologist [考古學(xué)家]

邏輯信號(hào)詞-路標(biāo)詞

1，表示因果的

原因：后接句子 --- Because, since , as , for

后接詞組 --- because of , thanks to , owing to , due to , as a result of ,

by/in virtue of [由于]

* The movie touched me by virtue of its story.

結(jié)果： so(that), accordingly[因此]； as a result; consequently; for this

(that)reason; hence; therefore

此外：表因果的特色詞匯

比如A 是因，B是果：

A account for / be responsible for 　B

A　cause / lead to / result in / bring about / bring on / trigger /give rise to 　B

2，表示轉(zhuǎn)折的

“但是，然而”：but , however; yet , nevertheless, whereas

“盡管，雖然”：后接句子 --- although , though, even though , while ,# notwithstanding

后接詞組 --- despite; in spite of

“相反地”： conversely[相反地] ; on the contrary;

“另一方面”： on the other hand;

3，表示比較的

by comparison ; in contrast (相比之下); in the same way; similarly

4，表示遞進(jìn)的

also; besides; furthermore; in addition; in particular（特別地）more importantly; moreover; What’s more

5，表示概括的

in brief; in conclusion; in short; in a word , in sum; to sum up; on the whole , to conclude

6．表示并列：

and , or , at the same time, meanwhile , as well as