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    Young Adults Who Exercise Get Higher IQ Scores

    Young adults who are fit have a higher IQ and are more _1__ to go on to university， reveals a major new study carried out at the Sahlgrenska Academy and Sahlgrenska University Hospital.

    The results were recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences （PNAS）。 The study involved 1.2 million Swedish men doing military service who were born between 1950 and 1976. The research group analyses the _2__ of both physical and IQ tests the youngsters took right after they started serving the army.

    The study shows a clear link _3__ good physical fitness and better results for the IQ test. The strongest links are for _4__ thinking and verbal comprehension. But it is only fitness that plays a _5__ in the results for the IQ test， and not strength. “Being fit means that you also have good heart and lung _6__ and that your brain gets plenty of _7__，” says Michael Nilsson， professor at the Sahlgrenska Academy and chief physician at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital. “This may be one of the reasons _8__ we can see a clear link with fitness， but not with muscular _9__. We are also seeing that there are growth factors that are important.”

    By analyzing data for twins， the researchers have been _10__ to determine that it is primarily environmental factors and not genes that explain the link between fitness and a _11__ IQ.

    “We have also shown that those youngsters who _12__ their physical fitness between the ages of 15 and 18 increase their cognitive performance，” says Maria Aberg， researcher at the Sahlgrenska Academy and physician at Aby health centre. “This being the case， physical _13__ is a subject that has an important place in schools， and is an absolute must if we want to do well in maths and other theoretical subjects.”

    The researchers have also compared the results from fitness tests _14__ national service with the socio-economic status of the men later in _15__. Those who were fit at 18 were more likely to go into higher education， and many secured more qualified jobs.

    1. A carefully  B secretly   C likely  D happily

    2. A answers  B works    C scores  D results

    3. A behind   B between   C among   D without

    4. A logical  B critical   C typical  D positive

    5. A place   B game    C role   D trick

    6. A capacity  B disease   C shape   D treatment

    7. A change   B hydrogen   C oxygen  D memory

    8. A what   B why    C how   D where

    9. A exercise  B training   C strength  D movement

    10. A able   B clever   C lucky   D clear

    11. A moderate  B average   C lower   D higher

    12. A ignore  B improve   C like   D determine

    13. A examination  B labour   C movement  D education

    14. A before  B after    C without  D during

    15. A marriage  B life    C residence  D service