On Meeting the Celebrated

    I have always wondered at the passion many people have to meet the celebrated. The prestige you acquire by being able to tell your friends that you know famous men proves only that you are yourself of small account. The celebrated develop a technique to deal with the persons they come across. They show the world a mask， often an impressive on， but take care to conceal their real selves. They play the part that is expected from them， and with practice learn to play it very well， but you are stupid if you think that this public performance of theirs corresponds with the man within.

    I have been attached， deeply attached， to a few people； but I have been interested in men in general not for their own sakes， but for the sake of my work. I have not， as Kant enjoined， regarded each man as an end in himself， but as material that might be useful to me as a writer. I have been more concerned with the obscure than with the famous. They are more often themselves. They have had no need to create a figure to protect themselves from the world or to impress it. Their idiosyncrasies have had more chance to develop in the limited circle of their activity， and since they have never been in the public eye it has never occurred to them that they have anything to conceal. They display their oddities because it has never struck them that they are    odd. And after all it is with the common run of men that we writers have to deal； kings， dictators， commercial magnates are from our point of view very unsatisfactory. To write about them is a venture that has often tempted writers， but the failure that has attended their efforts shows that such beings are too exceptional to form a proper ground for a work of art. They cannot be made real. The ordinary is the writer‘s richer field. Its unexpectedness， its singularity， its infinite variety afford unending material. The great man is too often all of a piece； it is the little man that is a bundle of contradictory elements. He is inexhaustible. You never come to the end of the surprises he has in store for you. For my part I would much sooner spend a month on a desert island with a veterinary surgeon than with a prime minister.

    論見(jiàn)名人

    許多人熱衷于見(jiàn)名人，我始終不得其解。在朋友面前吹噓自己認(rèn)識(shí)某某名人，同此而來(lái)的聲望只能證明自己的微不足道。名人個(gè)個(gè)練就了一套處世高招，無(wú)論遇上誰(shuí)，都能應(yīng)付自如。他們給世人展現(xiàn)的是一副面具，常常是美好難忘的面具，但他們會(huì)小心翼翼地掩蓋自己的真相。他們扮演的是大家期待的角色，演得多了，最后都能演得惟妙惟肖。如果你還以為他們?cè)诠�眾面前的表演就是他們的真�?shí)自我，那就你傻了。

    我自己就喜歡一些人，非常喜歡他們。但我對(duì)人感興趣一般不是因?yàn)樗麄冏陨淼木壒剩�而是出于我工作需求。正如康德勸告的那樣，我從�?lái)沒(méi)有把認(rèn)識(shí)某人作為目的，而是將其當(dāng)作對(duì)一個(gè)作家有用的創(chuàng)作素材。比之名流顯士，我更加關(guān)注無(wú)名小卒。他們常常顯得較為自然真實(shí)，他們無(wú)須再創(chuàng)造另一個(gè)人物形象，用他來(lái)保護(hù)自己不受世人干擾，或者用他來(lái)感動(dòng)世人。他們的社交圈子有限，自己的種種癖性也就越有可能得到滋長(zhǎng)。因?yàn)樗麄儚膩?lái)沒(méi)有引起公眾的關(guān)注，也就從來(lái)沒(méi)有想到過(guò)要隱瞞什么。他們會(huì)表露他們古怪的一面，因?yàn)樗麄儚膩?lái)就沒(méi)有覺(jué)得有何古怪�？傊�，作家要寫(xiě)的是普通人。在我們看來(lái)，國(guó)王，獨(dú)裁者和商界大亨等都是不符合條件的。去撰寫(xiě)這些人物經(jīng)常是作家們難以抗拒的冒險(xiǎn)之舉，可為此付出的努力不免以失敗告終，這說(shuō)明這些人物都過(guò)于特殊，無(wú)法成為一件藝術(shù)作品的創(chuàng)作根基，作家也不可能把他們寫(xiě)得真真切切。老百姓才是作家的創(chuàng)作沃土，他們或變幻無(wú)常，或難覓其二，各式人物應(yīng)有盡有，這些都給作家提供了無(wú)限的創(chuàng)作素材。大人物經(jīng)常是千人一面，小人物身上才有一組組矛盾元素，是取之不盡的創(chuàng)作源泉，讓你驚喜不斷。就我而言，如果在孤島上度過(guò)一個(gè)月，我寧愿和一名獸醫(yī)相守，也不愿同一位首相做伴。