Exercise

Then he called in his two remaining women secretaries and handed them capsules of poison to use if they wished to when the advancing Russians broke in.

Whatever his rank, however rich or poor, an Egyptian believed in another life after death, provided he had pleased the gods.

My mother Jane, died in her 88th year, a mighty age for one who at 40 was so delicate of body as to be accounted a confirmed invalid, destined to pass away.

要點(diǎn)：if they wished to 后面省略了use.這種省略的動(dòng)詞要根據(jù)上文來判斷。
譯文：然后，他把自己僅剩的兩名女秘書傳來，遞給她們毒藥膠囊，以備節(jié)節(jié)逼近的俄國人闖入后她們想服用時(shí)服用。

要點(diǎn)：句中的兩個(gè)讓步狀語"whatever his rank, however rich or poor"是兩個(gè)省略句。完整的句子應(yīng)為：“whatever his rank is, however rich or poor he is".句子中provided he had pleased the gods 是由連詞provided引出的條件狀語從句，類似意義的詞還有：providing，（常用于口語和商業(yè)英語中，不用于書面語），given,supposing等。例如：Supposing the plane doesn't arrive on time, we'll have to postpone the meeting.
譯文：埃及人不論職位高低，不管貧富貴賤，都相信如果得到了上帝的歡心，死后會(huì)有另一次生命。

要點(diǎn)：此句中Jane是my mother的同位語，a mighty age for one 是her 88th year的同位語�！眞ho at 40...destined to pass away"是one的定語從句�！皌o be accounted a confirmed invalid ,destined to pass away "是一個(gè)省略了成分的并列動(dòng)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。此短語補(bǔ)齊后應(yīng)該是：to be accounted a confirmedivalid , and to be destined to pass away,省略and to be 是為了避免重復(fù)多余的詞。
譯文：我的母親簡是88歲去世。這個(gè)歲數(shù)對于一個(gè)40歲時(shí)就身體纖弱，被公認(rèn)有痼疾在身和注定不久于人世的人來說，是個(gè)難得的高齡。