過去完成時(shí)：

    1.構(gòu)成：had + 過去分詞

    2.功能：

    （1 ）表示過去某個(gè)動(dòng)作或某個(gè)具體時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生、完成的動(dòng)作。“過
去的過去”。

    ？。 They had got everything ready before I came. ？。 The play had
begun before I got to the theater with my boyfriend.

    （2 ）過去完成時(shí)常用于 hardly / scarcely…… when ， no sooner……

    than等固定句型結(jié)構(gòu)中。（此乃超級(jí)重點(diǎn)句型，意為：“一……就”）

    ？。 She had hardly / scarcely gone to bed when the bell rang.？。

    No sooner had he arrived at the railway station than he met her parents.
（注意 no sooner在句首時(shí)句型倒裝。）

    （3 ）intend（打算），mean（意味），hope（希望），want（想要），plan
（計(jì)劃）等動(dòng)詞的過去完成時(shí)用來表示本打算做而沒有做的事。

    ？。 I had intended to call on you yesterday， but someone came to
see me just when I was about to leave.（……原想昨天去看你……）？。 They
had planed to hold a football match last week ， but they had to cancel
it because the bad weather. （……原計(jì)劃上周舉行一場(chǎng)足球賽……）

    測(cè)試精編

    1. -Let's hurry ！ The president is coming. -Oh ， I was afraid that
we ________. A. already miss him B. had already missed him C. will miss
him already D. have already missed him

    2. Your letter came just as I ________ my office. A. was leaving B.
would leave C. had left D. left

    3. I ________ my keys ， I can't remember where I last saw them. A.
was losing B. lost C. had lost D. have lost

    4. Nobody knew where the teacher ________. A. has gone B. would have
gone C. had gone D. would be gone

    5. The sportsmen ________ training for 3 hours when the coach told
them to break off for rest. A. have been B. are C. had been D. were

    （后設(shè)答案，大家不要偷看哦~ （*^__^*）嘻嘻……）

    KEYS

    1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. C