在職博士英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)難句解析

　　1. The American economic system is， organized around a basically private-enterprise， market- oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.

　　[參考譯文] 美國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)是以基本的私有企業(yè)和市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向經(jīng)濟(jì)為架構(gòu)的，在這種經(jīng)濟(jì)中，消費(fèi)者很大程度上通過在市場(chǎng)上為那些他們最想要的貨品和服務(wù)付費(fèi)來(lái)決定什么應(yīng)該被制造出來(lái)。

　　2. Thus， in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers， coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes， that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.

　　[參考譯文] 因此，在美國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)體系中，個(gè)體消費(fèi)者的需求與商人試圖最大化其利潤(rùn)的欲望和個(gè)人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相結(jié)合，一起決定了什么應(yīng)該被制造，以及資源如何被用來(lái)制造它們。

　　3. If， on the other hand， producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost， this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers， which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product. HRpi+4 '

　　[參考譯文] 另一方面，如果大量制造某種商品導(dǎo)致其成本下降，那么這就有可能增加賣方和制造商能提供的供給，而這也就會(huì)反過來(lái)降低價(jià)格并允許更多的消 費(fèi)者購(gòu)買產(chǎn)品。

　　4. In the American economy， the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights， including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual. s|1jv:CC

　　[參考譯文] 在美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)中，私有財(cái)產(chǎn)的概念不僅包含對(duì)生產(chǎn)資源的所有權(quán)，也指其他一些特定的權(quán)利，如確定一個(gè)產(chǎn)品價(jià)格和與另一個(gè)私人個(gè)體(經(jīng)濟(jì)單位) 自由簽定合同的權(quán)利。

　　5. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employers are the most efficient， allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns.

　　[參考譯文] 同時(shí)這些計(jì)算機(jī)記錄下哪些時(shí)間是最忙的，哪些員工工作效率最高，這樣就能相應(yīng)地做出人員人事安排。而且它們(計(jì)算機(jī))也能為促銷活動(dòng)找到那些擁有優(yōu)先權(quán)的顧客。

　　6. Numerous other commercial enterprises， from theaters to magazine publishers， from gas and electric utilities to milk processors， bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.

　　[參考譯文] 不計(jì)其數(shù)的其他商業(yè)企業(yè)，從劇院到雜志出版商，從公用燃?xì)怆娏υO(shè)施到牛奶處理廠，都通過計(jì)算機(jī)的使用給消費(fèi)者帶來(lái)更好、更有效率的服務(wù)。

　　7. Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age For these children to develop to their full adult potential， their education must be adapted to those differences. l9Wo/f1L7z

　　[參考譯文] 殘疾兒童在許多關(guān)鍵方面都與其同齡人不同。為了讓這些孩子發(fā)展其全部的成人后的潛能，他們的教育必須適應(yīng)這些不同

　　8. The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens， whatever their special conditions， deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.

　　[參考譯文] 在過去的30年中，公共教育中顯示的對(duì)殘疾兒童的巨大關(guān)注表明了我們社會(huì)中的一種中強(qiáng)烈的情緒，那就是所有的公民，不管其情況有多特殊，都應(yīng)享有充分發(fā)展其能力的機(jī)會(huì)。

　　9. It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable price， thereby establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at competitive prices. 8&85{:

　　[參考譯文] 它(廣告)能夠直接幫助貨物以比較合理的價(jià)格被迅速分銷出去，因此可以(使公司)建立一個(gè)堅(jiān)固的國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)，同時(shí)也使以具有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的價(jià)格提供出口變得可能。

　　10. Apart from the fact that twenty-seven acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising， no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements. ebF&z{{K
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　　[參考譯文] 除去議會(huì)有27件法案來(lái)規(guī)范廣告的條件，沒有任何一個(gè)正式的廣告商敢于推銷一種商品卻不能兌現(xiàn)其在廣告中的承諾。