2012年公共管理碩士MPA英譯漢重要短語及句型(5)

　　not nearly (=by no means，far from) 遠(yuǎn)不

　　例1: The food supply will not increase nearly enough to match this, which means that we are heading into a crisis in the matter of producing and marketing food.考試大

　　譯文：食品供應(yīng)將遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)趕不上人口的增長，這就意味著我們在糧食的生產(chǎn)和購銷方面正面臨危機(jī)。

　　注：1) this是指上面提到的“到21世紀(jì)初世界人口將增加到60億或70億”。2) 又如：There are not nearly enough people here to do the job.(這里的人手遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠承擔(dān)這項工作。)

　　“更不用說”的表示法：

　　much less

　　still less

　　以上兩短語引導(dǎo)的詞組或從句，表示一種追加的否定，less是由little的比較級，所以這兩個詞組只能用于否定句中，可譯為“更不用說，更不必說”。

　　to say nothing of

　　not to speak of

　　not to mention

　　let alone

　　這四個詞組也意為 “更不用說”，也是一種追補(bǔ)的說法。但它們與much less和still less有所不同。這些詞組可以隨前一句的意思而定，即前一句是肯定，則追加的也是肯定意義;如果前一句是否定，則追加的是否定意義

　　例1：I could not agree to, much less participate in such proceedings.

　　譯文：我不能同意這種行為，更談不上參加這些行動了。

　　例2：He knows little of mathematics, and still less of chemistry.

　　譯文：他幾乎不懂?dāng)?shù)學(xué)，更不用說化學(xué)了。

　　例3：I did not even see him, still less (= much less) shake hands with him.

　　譯文：我看也沒有看見過他，哪里還談得上同他握手呢?

　　例4：In old China, here was hardly any machine-building industry, to say nothing of an electronic industry.

　　譯文：在舊中國，幾乎沒有什么機(jī)器制造工業(yè)，更不用說電子工業(yè)了。

　　例5：Sally takes singing and dancing lessons, to say nothing of swimming and tennis lessons.

　　譯文：莎莉?qū)W了唱歌和舞蹈課，而且還學(xué)了游泳和網(wǎng)球課。

　　例6：At that time they could not afford the ordinary comforts of life, not to speak of luxuries.

　　譯文：那時他連普通生活都不能維持，更不要說奢侈品了。

　　例7：They have three fine sons, not to speak of their two 1ovely daughters.

　　譯文：他們有了三個好兒子，而且還有兩個可愛的女兒。

　　例8：I don't know algebra or geometry，not to mention calculus.

　　譯文：我連代數(shù)、幾何都不懂，更不必說微積分了。

　　例9：A11 they have to do is press a button，and they can see plays, films, operas and shows of every kind, not to mention political discussions and the latest exciting football match.

　　譯文：他們所要做的只是按一下電鈕，就能看到各種戲劇、電影、歌劇和各式各樣的演出，而且還能看到各種政治辯論和最近舉行的激動人心的足球賽。

　　例10：I can't add two and two, let alone do fractions.

　　譯文：我連2加2都不會，更不要說做分?jǐn)?shù)題了。

　　注意：美國成語詞典認(rèn)為let alone只能用于追加的否定。但是，有的詞典認(rèn)為，該短語也可以引導(dǎo)追加的肯定。例如：There were five people in the car, let alone the luggage and the two dogs.