Ocean in Google Earth, which launched today, builds on t" />

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谷歌地球帶你進(jìn)入海底世界

作者:不詳   發(fā)布時(shí)間:2009-08-24 09:31:59  來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)
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  New Google Ocean Takes Google Earth Beyond the "Dirt"
  Ocean in Google Earth, which launched today, builds on the free, popular 3-D mapping software Google Earth by allowing users to navigate underwater in unprecedented clarity.
  New "layers" to the satellite-based software include topographic maps of the seafloor; locations of shipwrecks and algal blooms; and even maps of the tiny phytoplankton that provide the bulk of the ocean’s food chain.
  Within the layers, users can explore multimedia features that combine data and maps with videos, quizzes, and other interactives.
  
  The new fish-eye view—accessible via a free upgrade—aims to provide a public platform for users to talk about the oceans, said John Hanke, director of Geo Products at Google.
  "It really is a means... [of] raising geographical awareness of oceans and … the pressures that are being put on life in the ocean," he added.
  Into the Blue
  The idea first came to well-known marine biologist Sylvia Earle at a conference in Madrid, Spain, a few years ago, when she addressed Hanke during a presentation.
  "I just blurted it out," Earle, a National Geographic explorer-in-residence, recalled.
  "I said, I hope someday, John, you’ll finish [Google Earth]. You’ve done a great job with the dirt, but there’s all that water out there—the world is blue."
  Earle, who narrates the introductory video, suggested from the start that the program go beyond maps: "You need to be able to touch and dive in and see what’s there," she said.
  The resulting product is a vibrant panorama, from videos of bluefin tuna on the hunt to quizzes about sea life—from leopard seals to nudibranchs.
  Clicking on the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean layer, for instance, combines maps of the region with videos and Web links showing reefs’ colorful denizens.
  In addition to National Geographic, several well-known marine institutions and initiatives, such as the Census of Marine Life, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Monterey Bay Aquarium, and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution have contributed data.
  Why the Ocean Matters
  For Earle, Google Earth’s high-tech porthole to the oceans has an urgent import: The seas’ health is declining, and less than one percent of the world’s marine waters are protected.
  "This is another major breakthrough in showing the people of the world why the ocean matters," Earle said.
  For instance, "the ocean provides the oxygen we breathe, much of the food the world eats, and drives the climate we need to survive—but it is still largely a mystery," Tom McCann, spokesperson for the nonprofit organization Ocean Conservancy, said in an email.
  "We hope the addition of Ocean in Google Earth will inspire more people to explore the seas they depend on every day," added McCann, whose organization has provided Google data about marine reserves in the Pacific Ocean.
  The new program will also make on-the-ground conservation work easier, added Enric Sala, a marine ecologist and National Geographic fellow.
  "It allows us to [get] critical information … in almost real time, in a way that is so much more exciting than dry written reports," Sala said.
  "We are now using a jet instead of a bicycle. ..." 新谷歌海洋將谷歌地圖帶進(jìn)了海底世界
  探索海洋不再需要潛水衣
  谷歌地球上的海洋從今天起將會(huì)升級(jí)為3-D版,免費(fèi)向用戶開(kāi)放,這種3-D地圖軟件讓用戶可以潛入海底,感受一個(gè)從未有過(guò)的清晰的海底世界。
  由衛(wèi)星傳送的這些新版圖層包括海底的地形圖,失事船只殘骸以及藻花的位置,甚至還能看到作為海底食物鏈主體的微小浮游植物的圖片。
  有了這些圖層,用戶就可以搜索到多媒體影像,這些影像中結(jié)合了數(shù)據(jù)和圖片,以視頻,測(cè)試以及其它一些交互方式展現(xiàn)出來(lái)。   
  谷歌地理方面主管約翰·漢克表示,用戶可以免費(fèi)升級(jí)使用,我們的目標(biāo)是為用戶提供一個(gè)公共的平臺(tái),可以在這里討論我們的海洋。
  “這是一個(gè)加深對(duì)海洋的認(rèn)識(shí)的途徑,也讓我們認(rèn)識(shí)到海洋正給我們的生活和生命帶來(lái)的壓力究竟有多大。”
  深入海洋
  這個(gè)想法是在多年前由著名海洋生物學(xué)家席薇亞·厄爾在西班牙馬德里的一次會(huì)議上首次提出的,并將這一想法告訴了漢克.
  “我只是突然想到了這個(gè)”這位國(guó)家地理學(xué)的人類居住環(huán)境探索家厄爾回憶到。
  ”我告訴約翰,我希望有一天你能完成“谷歌地球”,在陸地方面你已經(jīng)完成了一項(xiàng)出色的工作,但是陸地外面卻是被水包圍的,要知道,這個(gè)世界是藍(lán)色的“
  我們的地球有72%的面積被海洋覆蓋
  漢克表示,厄爾的意見(jiàn)“一針見(jiàn)血的指出,如果僅僅止步于海岸線,是沒(méi)有任何意義的!
  厄爾在那段介紹視頻中作了解說(shuō),從一開(kāi)始就指出這個(gè)新的程序遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超越了地圖,“大家可以親身感受,可以潛入水底,去看看那里究竟有些什么!
  這是一幅活的全景圖,包括了從捕捉金槍魚的視頻到對(duì)海洋生物的測(cè)試 ,從海豹到裸鰓亞目動(dòng)物。
  如果點(diǎn)擊墨西哥灣或者加勒比海的圖層,就會(huì)立刻出現(xiàn)一個(gè)將這一地區(qū)所有地圖結(jié)合起來(lái)的視頻,以及一系列關(guān)于當(dāng)?shù)鼐用裆畹木W(wǎng)頁(yè)鏈接。
  除了國(guó)家地理以外,還有其它一此知名的海洋協(xié)會(huì)以及權(quán)威機(jī)構(gòu),如海洋生物普查,斯克里普斯海洋研究所,蒙特利爾海洋館,以及伍茲霍爾海洋研究所也都為谷歌地球提供了數(shù)據(jù)。
  為何海洋有了麻煩?
  厄爾認(rèn)為,谷歌地球?qū)Q蟮母呖萍继剿饔兄鴺O大的必要性:因?yàn)楹Q蟮摹苯】怠盃顩r正在逐步下降,而世界上僅有不到1%的海洋正受到保護(hù)。
  “而為人們展示出為什么海洋出現(xiàn)了這些問(wèn)題也是谷歌地球此次的另外一個(gè)重要突破點(diǎn)!
  例如,“海洋為人類提供賴以生存的氧氣,食物,以推動(dòng)氣候的循環(huán),但海洋對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō),仍然像謎一樣,”海洋保護(hù)協(xié)會(huì)的發(fā)言人湯姆·邁凱恩在自己的郵件中寫到。
  “我希望谷歌地球的這次升級(jí)能夠激起更多的人探索海洋的興趣”,同時(shí),他所在的海洋保護(hù)協(xié)會(huì)也為谷歌地球提供了太平洋的海洋數(shù)據(jù)。
  這個(gè)新的程序也為大地保護(hù)工作提供了便利,一位海洋生態(tài)學(xué)家同時(shí)也是國(guó)家地理成員的安瑞科·薩拉補(bǔ)充到。
  “它以一種更加有趣的方式實(shí)時(shí)的給我們提供了重要信息。”
  她做了一個(gè)比喻:“我們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)坐上了直升機(jī),而不用再騎自行車了...”
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