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考研英語范文閱讀模擬試題及答案解析(九)

來源: 時(shí)間:2009-04-22 17:42:40
 No company likes to be told it is contributing to the moral decline of a nation. Is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers? Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week. You have sold your souls, but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well? At Time Warner, however, such questions are simply the latest manifestation of the soul-searching that has involved the company ever since the company was born in 1990. It’s a self-examination that has, at various times, involved issues of responsibility, creative freedom and the corporate bottom line.
  
  At the core of this debate is chairman Gerald Levin, 56, who took over for the late Steve Ross in 1992. On the financial front, Levin is under pressure to raise the stock price and reduce the company’s mountainous debt, which will increase to $ 17.3 billion after two new cable deals close. He has promised to sell off some of the property and restructure the company, but investors are waiting impatiently.
  
  The flap over rap is not making life any easier for him. Levin has consistently defended the company’s rap music on the grounds of expression. In 1992, when Time Warner was under fire for releasing Ice-T’s violent rap song Cop Killer, Levin described rap as lawful expression of street culture, which deserves an outlet. The test of any democratic society, he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column, lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be. We won’t retreat in the face of any threats.
  
  Levin would not comment on the debate last week, but there were signs that the chairman was backing off his hard-line stand, at least to some extent. During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month’s stockholders’meeting. Levin asserted that music is not the cause of society’s ills and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students. But he talked as well about the balanced struggle between creative freedom and social responsibility, and he announced that the company would launch a drive to develop standards for distribution and labeling of potentially objectionable music.The 15-member Time Warner board is generally supportive of Levin and his corporate strategy. But insiders say several of them have shown their concerns in this matter. Some of us have known for many, many years that the freedoms under the First Amendment are not totally unlimited, says Luce. I think it is perhaps the case that some people associated with the company have only recently come to realize this.
  
  63. Senator Robert Dole criticized Time Warner for ________.
  
 。ˋ)its raising of the corporate stock price
  
 。˙)its self-examination of soul
  
  (C)its neglect of social responsibility
  
 。―)its emphasis on creative freedom
  
  64. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
  
 。ˋ)Luce is a spokesman of Time Warner.
  
 。˙)Gerald Levin is liable to compromise.
  
 。–)Time Warner is united as one in the face of the debate.
  
  (D)Steve Ross is no longer alive.
  
  65. In face of the recent attacks on the company, the chairman ________.
  
 。ˋ)stuck to a strong stand to defend freedom of expression
  
  (B)softened his tone and adopted some new policy
  
 。–)changed his attitude and yielded to objection
  
 。―)received more support from the 15-member board
  
  66. The best title for this passage could be ________.
  
  (A)A Company under Fire
  
 。˙)A Debate on Moral Decline
  
  (C)A Lawful Outlet of Street Culture
  
 。―)A Form of Creative Freedom
  
  答案及試題解析
  
  63.(C)意為:它對社會責(zé)任的忽視。
  
  第一段指出,沒有哪個(gè)公司喜歡別人說它導(dǎo)致了全國道德敗壞,多爾參議員所指責(zé)時(shí)代華納公司的正是這一點(diǎn)。他說:難道這就是你們的經(jīng)營目標(biāo)嗎,你們出賣了自己的靈魂,難道你們也想毀了國家、危及我們的孩子嗎?另從第三、四段來看,這里多爾所指責(zé)的正是該公司用它的音樂作品帶來的社會影響,多爾認(rèn)為這些音樂作品對社會和青少年有不良影響。
  
  A 意為:它將公司股價(jià)提高。從多爾所說的話來看,他關(guān)心的不是該公司的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況。
  
  B 意為:它對靈魂的自我檢驗(yàn)。第一段第三句指出,對時(shí)代沃納公司來說,多爾所質(zhì)疑的問題只不過是公司自創(chuàng)立以來一直進(jìn)行的自我反省的比較新表述,在公司發(fā)展的不同階段,這一自我反省涉及(社會)責(zé)任、創(chuàng)作自由、公司利潤(bottom line)。換言之,在公司的發(fā)展過程中,社會責(zé)任、創(chuàng)作自由、公司能否賺錢這三者之間的矛盾一直困擾著公司。根據(jù)公司董事長列文的話(見第三段),公司把創(chuàng)作自由放在了發(fā)展的首位。這造成了它對作品的社會影響的忽視,所以,后來列文改變態(tài)度以后,承認(rèn)應(yīng)該在創(chuàng)作自由和社會責(zé)任上尋找一個(gè)平衡點(diǎn)(見第四段)?梢,多爾參議員所指責(zé)的正是公司的所作所為帶來的不良社會影響,這樣他就擊中了要害。
  
  D 意為:它對創(chuàng)作自由的強(qiáng)調(diào)。見上文分析。
  
  64.(D)回答這一問題主要涉及對第二段第一句中 late 的理解。
  
  除其他意思外,該詞有前,已故的等意思。一般來講,該詞加在人名或稱呼前時(shí)譯作已故的、如:the late Mr. Green 已故格林先生,her late husband 她的前夫(已故),若加在頭銜前,則要據(jù)情況而譯,如:the late president 前總統(tǒng)(也可能已故,也可能僅指剛剛卸職)。第二段第一句可譯為:處于爭議中心的是董事長杰拉德?列文,他在 1992年前董事長史蒂夫?羅斯去世后繼任,今年 56 歲。
  
  A 意為:路斯是時(shí)代沃納公司的發(fā)言人。在比較后一段第二句,路斯僅被稱作 insider(內(nèi)部人士,知情人士),他說:我們有些人多年來一直知道(憲法)第一修正案中所規(guī)定的自由并非是無限制的自由,我想可能公司的某些人比較近才意識到這一點(diǎn)。他的話說明了公司領(lǐng)導(dǎo)內(nèi)部對處理創(chuàng)作自由和社會影響這一對矛盾上的不同看法、也暗含著對公司一貫政策(過于強(qiáng)調(diào)創(chuàng)作自由)的批評?梢姡⒎枪局概傻陌l(fā)言人,而僅代表自己。
  
  B 意為:列文傾向于妥協(xié)。根據(jù)第三段中列文所說的話,他是一個(gè)持強(qiáng)硬立場的人。他說:檢驗(yàn)任何民主社會的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不是看它如何嚴(yán)厲地控制(思想的)表達(dá),而是看它是否給人以比較大限度的思想和表達(dá)思想的自由。我們不會屈服于任何威脅。但是,在這次的爭議中,雖然列文也在為公司發(fā)行的音樂作品爭辯,但他也做出了某些程度的讓步(參閱第四段第一句)。由此可見,列文并非是個(gè)易于妥協(xié)的人。
  
  C 意為:在這場爭議中。時(shí)代沃納公司團(tuán)結(jié)一致。不對,例如上文所提到的路斯的觀點(diǎn)。
  
  65.(B)意為:態(tài)度有所緩和,采取了某種新政策。
  
  第四段指出,列文對上周的爭議拒絕評價(jià),但有跡象表明他正在放棄自己的強(qiáng)硬立場-至少在某種程度上可以這樣說。在上月討論搖滾樂歌詞的董事會上,列文強(qiáng)調(diào)音樂并不引起社會丑惡現(xiàn)象,他甚至舉了他兒子的例子。但是,他同時(shí)也談到了創(chuàng)作自由與社會責(zé)任保持平衡的問題,他表示,公司將為音樂的發(fā)行和標(biāo)識(labeling 指:標(biāo)識作品或產(chǎn)品的應(yīng)用對象,如:是否適應(yīng)于青少年使用等)制定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?梢姡形脑谧龀鐾讌f(xié)姿態(tài)的同時(shí),也采取了實(shí)際的行動(dòng)。
  
  A 意為:堅(jiān)持強(qiáng)硬立場保護(hù)思想表達(dá)自由。
  
  C 意為:改變其態(tài)度并向反對派屈服。與 B 表達(dá)的內(nèi)容相比,C 表達(dá)的內(nèi)容語氣太強(qiáng)。因?yàn),正如第四段第一句所說的,列文僅做出了某種程度的讓步(to some extent)。
  
  D 意為:獲得了董事會 15 位成員更多的支持。雖然董事會一直支持列文及其公司經(jīng)營戰(zhàn)略,但在這次的爭議中,意見出現(xiàn)了分歧。參閱第 64 題題解。
  
  66.(A)意為:遭到責(zé)難的公司。
  
  從以上的分析可以看出,本文主要是評述了時(shí)代華納公司因發(fā)行新音樂專輯而受到的責(zé)難及其反應(yīng)。
  
  B 意為:一場關(guān)于道德敗壞的爭論。這個(gè)題目太寬泛。更何況,時(shí)代華納公司所被指責(zé)的主要是它對社會責(zé)任的忽視,而并非它所發(fā)行的作品所帶來的實(shí)際社會影響。
  
  C 意為:街頭文化的合法表達(dá)(途徑)。
  
  D 意為:一種表現(xiàn)創(chuàng)作自由的形式
  
  翻譯句子
  
  1、The flap over rap is not making life any easier for him. Levin has consistently defended the company’s rap music on the grounds of expression.
  
  [參考譯文] 人們對說唱音樂的焦慮并沒使他的日子變得好過。萊文一向以它是一種富于表現(xiàn)力的演唱方式這個(gè)理由來為公司的說唱音樂辯護(hù)。
  
  [結(jié)構(gòu)剖析] 第一個(gè)句子是一個(gè)簡單句。flap over rap 是句子的主語,is making 是謂語,使用了結(jié)構(gòu):make+n.+adj.。第二個(gè)句子也是一個(gè)簡單句。

  [閱讀重點(diǎn)] 第一句中的重點(diǎn)是掌握 to make life easier 這個(gè)表述方法,其它部分都是輔助這個(gè)短語的。另外,對于 flap 一詞的理解也至關(guān)重要,在這里它的意思是焦慮、興奮狀態(tài)的意思。第二句中的主干是 defend somebody on the grounds of something(為某種理由或手段為某人辯護(hù))。expression 這里的意思是 the quality of singing or playing a musical instrument with feeling,即表達(dá)方式、腔調(diào),尤指雄辯的語調(diào)、富有表情的唱腔。注意 consistently 是一貫地,一向地的意思,不要與 constantly 混淆。
  
  2、The test of any democratic society, he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column, lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be…
  
  [參考譯文] 對任何一個(gè)民主社會的考驗(yàn),他在《華爾街雜志》的一個(gè)專欄文章中寫到,不在于它能夠多有效地控制各種意見的表達(dá),而在于這個(gè)社會是否能給予思考和表達(dá)的盡可能廣泛的自由,不管有時(shí)候這種結(jié)果是多么的富有爭議或令人不快……

  [結(jié)構(gòu)剖析] 這里直接引語被分成兩部分,一部分在主句前,另一部分放在主句之后。在這個(gè)例子里面,直接引語是主句的賓語。直接引語的主干是 The test…… lies not in…… but in……, however……,這是一個(gè)用副詞 however 連接的并列復(fù)合句。
  
  [閱讀重點(diǎn)] 閱讀時(shí)可以先不看直接引語,可以在分別搞清楚主句和作為賓語從句的直接引語的意思后再把主句和直接引語放在一起理解,這樣就比較容易了。另一方面,要理解 however 引導(dǎo)的句子的意思,在這里可以把其理解為不管、不論,在這種用法中,however 一般后面接形容詞。
  
  補(bǔ)充難句翻譯
  
  1、Is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers? Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week. You have sold your souls, but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well?

  [參考譯文] 上星期參議員羅博特多爾質(zhì)問時(shí)代華納公司的高級管理人員們:難道這就是你們希望能夠成就的事業(yè)?你們已經(jīng)出賣了自己的靈魂,但是難道你們還非要腐化我們的國家,威脅我們的孩子們嗎?

  [結(jié)構(gòu)剖析] 這是一個(gè)有直接引語的復(fù)雜句。首先抓住核心句 Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week,其前后是直接引語。這個(gè)直接引語的前半部分是一個(gè)一般疑問句,后面由兩個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的句子構(gòu)成,由連詞 but 連接。第一個(gè)分句是一個(gè)簡單句,but 后面的句子是一個(gè)一般疑問句。由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 must 引導(dǎo),包括由 and 這個(gè)連詞連的兩個(gè)并列部分,corrupt our nation 和 threaten our children as well 在后面 threaten out children as well 這部分的主語 you 被省略了。
  
  [閱讀重點(diǎn)] 關(guān)鍵要理解 but 后面的一般疑問句,這里并不是表示疑問,而是反問、詰問的意思。當(dāng)并列復(fù)合句的第二個(gè)子句的主語與第一個(gè)子句的主語相同時(shí),第二個(gè)子句的主語可以省。as well 這里是 in addition、also、too 也的意思,經(jīng)常用于句尾。
  
  2、It’s a self-examination that has, at various times, involved issues of responsibility, creative freedom and the corporate bottom line.

  [參考譯文] 這是一種在不同時(shí)期會涉及責(zé)任、創(chuàng)作自由和公司底線問題的自我反省。
  
  [結(jié)構(gòu)剖析] 這是一個(gè)有定語從句的復(fù)雜句。閱讀時(shí)首先注意主干為 It is a self-examination…;that 后面引導(dǎo)的是限定性定語從句,修飾 self-examination;定語從句的賓語是一個(gè) of 詞組,其核心是 issues;在介詞 of 后面是三個(gè)并列的短語,都是用來修飾和限定 issues 的。這三個(gè)短語因?yàn)槭遣⒘械年P(guān)系,所以只在比較后一個(gè)短語前面使用并列連詞 and。at various times 是插入語,將動(dòng)詞的兩部分分開了。
   
  [閱讀重點(diǎn)] 這句話的核心在于 self-examination,后面的部分都是用于修飾這個(gè)詞,要正確理解其意思是自我反省、自我檢討。而 corporate bottom line 所指的是一個(gè)公司所能做出的事情或者所能容忍的新聞工作者自由發(fā)揮的比較大限度。
  
  3、During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month’s stockholders’ meeting, Levin asserted that music is not the cause of society’s ills and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students.

  [參考譯文] 在上個(gè)月的股東大會上關(guān)于搖滾歌詞的討論中,萊文宣稱說:音樂不是社會問題的原因,他甚至還以他的兒子為例。他的兒子是紐約州布朗克斯的一個(gè)教師,并用說唱音樂與學(xué)生們進(jìn)行溝通。
  
  [結(jié)構(gòu)剖析] 句子的主干是 Levin asserted that…… that even cited……。During…… stockholder’s meeting 這一部分是表示時(shí)間的狀語從句。music is not the cause of society’s ills 是直接引語,作為動(dòng)詞 asserted 的賓語。his son 是動(dòng)詞 cited 的賓語,后面的 a teacher in the Bronx, New York 是賓語 his son 的同位語,比較后面的 who uses rap to communicate with students 是修飾 his son 的定語從句。
  
  [閱讀重點(diǎn)] 這個(gè)句子比較長,但是只要抓住 … Levin asserted that… and even cite…這樣的句子主干,就能明晰 Levin 的主要觀點(diǎn),其它部分的理解也就水到渠成了。
  
  4、I think it is perhaps the case that some people associated with the company have only recently come to realize this.

  [參考譯文] 我想大概情況是這樣的:與公司有關(guān)系的一些人直到比較近才意識到這一點(diǎn)。

  [結(jié)構(gòu)剖析] I think……是這句話的主干,后面的部分是這句話的賓語從句。在賓語從句當(dāng)中 that 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)同位語從句,說明 case 的具體情況是 some people associated with the company have only recently come to realize this。associated with 相當(dāng)于簡略的定語從句,修飾前面的 people。
  
  [閱讀重點(diǎn)] 重點(diǎn)是要理解 that 引導(dǎo)的是同位語從句,后面的部分說明 case 的具體情況。名詞 fact、dream、idea、notion、proposal 和 news 等等都常常被同位語從句所修飾。
  
  語言點(diǎn)詳解
  
  1. contribute to促成

  [大綱詞匯] contribute v.(to)貢獻(xiàn),捐助,捐獻(xiàn);投稿

  contribution n.貢獻(xiàn);捐獻(xiàn)(物)

  [擴(kuò)充詞匯] contribute to促成,有助于

  [經(jīng)典例句] Air pollution contributes to quite a number of diseases.

  2. accomplish實(shí)現(xiàn)

  [大綱詞匯] accomplish v.完成

  [經(jīng)典例句] They are ordered to accomplish to mission in 3 days.

  3. corrupt使…腐化

  [大綱詞匯] corrupt v.賄賂,收買;a.腐化的,貪污的

  [衍生詞匯] corruption n.腐敗

  [經(jīng)典例句] He was accused of having corrupted officials in the government.

  4. soul-searching良心上的自我反省

  [擴(kuò)充詞匯] soul-search v.深刻反省

  soul-searching n.深刻反省,自我解剖

  5. corporate公司的

  [擴(kuò)充詞匯] corporate a.公司的;法人的,合伙的

  [經(jīng)典例句] These deeds will definitely damage the corporate image.

  6.bottom line賬本底線

  7. at the core of在…的中心

  [大綱詞匯] core n.果核;中心,核心

  [經(jīng)典例句] The issue lies at the core of the discussion.

  8. take over接管

  [大綱詞匯] take over接管,接辦

  [經(jīng)典例句] The company went downward since he took over.

  9. late已故的

  [大綱詞匯] late a.遲的,晚的,晚期的;已故的;ad.遲地,晚地

  [經(jīng)典例句] The late president was always respected by the people.

  10. on the financial front就財(cái)政方面而言

  [大綱詞匯] front n.前面,正面;前線,戰(zhàn)線,陣線a.前面的,前部的v.面對,朝向

  [經(jīng)典例句] The government has made great progress in the educational front.

  11. under pressure受到壓力

  [大綱詞匯] pressure n.壓(力);強(qiáng)制,壓迫,壓強(qiáng)

  [經(jīng)典例句] The director was under great pressure to veto the decision.

  12. stock price股票價(jià)格

  13. mountainous山一樣的

  [大綱詞匯] mountainous a.多山的,山一般的

  [經(jīng)典例句] The homework assigned to us is mountainous.

  14. close a deal做成一筆交易

  [大綱詞匯] deal n.數(shù)量,程度;交易

  [經(jīng)典例句] The deal is not close yet and it is not the time to celebrate.

  15. sell off賣掉

  [擴(kuò)充詞匯] sell off賣掉

  [經(jīng)典例句] She sold off her house in downtown and moved to the suburb.

  16. restruture重組

  [擴(kuò)充詞匯] restructure v.再構(gòu)成,重建;重組

  [經(jīng)典例句] It is our urgent task to restructure our economy.

  17. the flap over rap由于說唱引起的焦慮

  [大綱詞匯] flap n.垂下物,帽檐,袋蓋;n./v.拍打,拍動(dòng)

  [經(jīng)典例句] Everything was working smoothly and there is no flap.

  15. rap music說唱音樂

  [擴(kuò)充詞匯] rap n.說唱(一種音樂形式)

  19. on the ground of以…為理由

  [擴(kuò)充詞匯] on the ground of根據(jù),以…為理由

  [經(jīng)典例句] He refused to give her the job on the ground of ill-health.20.under fire受到攻擊

  [擴(kuò)充詞匯] under fire受到攻擊(批評或責(zé)難)

  [經(jīng)典例句] The basic policy is under fire.

  21. release發(fā)行

  [大綱詞匯] release v.釋放,解放;發(fā)表,發(fā)行

  [經(jīng)典例句] Her new book was released only a few day ago.

  22. outlet發(fā)泄的方法

  [大綱詞匯] outlet n.出路,出口;發(fā)泄方法,排遣

  [經(jīng)典例句] The child needs an outlet for all the energy.

  23. lie in在于

  [大綱詞匯] lie v.躺,平放;位于lie in在于

  [經(jīng)典例句] The possible solution of the issue lies in his apology.

  24. latitude自由

  [大綱詞匯] latitude n.緯度

  [擴(kuò)充詞義] latitude n.(言語、行動(dòng)等的)自由

  [經(jīng)典例句] He gave me considerable latitude in how I spend the money.

  25. disputable有爭議的

  [大綱詞匯] dispute v.爭論

  [衍生詞匯] disputable a.有爭議的,可商榷的

  [經(jīng)典例句] His claim to the land is highly disputable.

  26. irritating令人惱火的

  [大綱詞匯] irritate v.激怒,惱火,使急躁

  [衍生詞匯] irritating a.令人惱火的

  [經(jīng)典例句] She was terribly disturbed by the irritating noise in the next door.

  27. retreat退讓

  [大綱詞匯] retreat v.撤退,退卻

  [經(jīng)典例句] She retreated to her desk and continued with her work.

  28. in the face of面對

  [經(jīng)典例句] He won‘t give up his effort in the face of difficulty.

  29. comment on評論

  [大綱詞匯] comment n.注釋,評論,意見;v.(on)注釋,評論

  [經(jīng)典例句] They refused to comment on the conflicts between the two parties.

  30. back off放棄(主張)

  [擴(kuò)充詞匯] back off(=back down)放棄原來的主張,打退堂鼓

  [經(jīng)典例句] He backed off his opinion under pressure.

  31. hard-line強(qiáng)硬路線的

  [擴(kuò)充詞匯] hard-line a.(主張采。⿵(qiáng)硬路線的,不妥協(xié)的hard-liner n.(主張)強(qiáng)硬路線者,不妥協(xié)者

  [經(jīng)典例句] The newly elected president insist on hard-line foreign policy.

  32. to some extent在某種程度上

  [經(jīng)典例句] The answer is negative to some extent.

  33. assert宣稱

  [大綱詞匯] assert v.斷言,宣稱

  [衍生詞匯] assertion n.語氣肯定的話,斷言

  [經(jīng)典例句] He asserted his idea, clearly and loudly.

  34. cite引用

  [大綱詞匯] cite v.引用,引證;舉例

  [經(jīng)典例句] He cited Shakespeare in his thesis.

  35. launch a drive發(fā)起一場運(yùn)動(dòng)

  [衍生詞義] drive n.運(yùn)動(dòng)

  a sales drive推銷運(yùn)動(dòng)

  [經(jīng)典例句] The municipal government launched a drive against pollution.

  36. label歸類

  [大綱詞匯] label v.貼標(biāo)簽于……,把……稱為;n.標(biāo)簽;標(biāo)記,符號

  [經(jīng)典例句] She labeled the boy a thief.

  37. potentially潛在地

  [大綱詞匯] potential a.潛在的,可能的;勢的,位的

  [衍生詞匯] potentially ad.潛在地

  [經(jīng)典例句] People considered him a Potentially successful businessman.

  38. objectionable會引起反對的

  [大綱詞匯] objection v.(to)反對,異議

  [衍生詞匯] objectionable a.會引起反對的

  [經(jīng)典例句] He didn‘t realize that it would be an objectionable movie when he shot it.

  39. strategy戰(zhàn)略

  [大綱詞匯] strategy n.戰(zhàn)略,策略

  [經(jīng)典例句] The government adopted a strategy of massive deflation.

  40. First Amendment(美國憲法)第一次修正案

  [大綱詞匯] amend v.修改,修正

  [衍生詞匯] amendment n.修改,修正;修正案

  41. be associated with與……有關(guān)系的

  [大綱詞匯] associate v.(with)使聯(lián)系,使聯(lián)合;交往,結(jié)合

  [經(jīng)典例句] They were closely associated with each other in the war.

  42. come to realize認(rèn)識到

  [大綱詞匯] realize v.認(rèn)識到,體會到;實(shí)現(xiàn)

  [經(jīng)典例句] The school came to realize the necessity of change their method of teaching.

  43. be liable to易于…

  [大綱詞匯] liable a.(for)有責(zé)任的,有義務(wù)的;(to + infinitive)有……傾向的,易于…的

  [經(jīng)典例句] He is liable to evade his responsibilities.

  44. compromise妥協(xié)

  [大綱詞匯] compromise v./n.妥協(xié),折衷

  [經(jīng)典例句] They forced him to compromise, but he refused firmly.

  45. stick to堅(jiān)持

  [大綱詞匯] stick to堅(jiān)持;忠于;信守

  [經(jīng)典例句] Everybody knows that his always sticks to principles.

  46. yield to屈服

  [大綱詞匯] yield v.出產(chǎn),生長;(to)屈服,服從;n.產(chǎn)量,收獲

  [經(jīng)典例句] They believed he would yield to his father‘s pressure soon.

  全文翻譯

  沒有一家公司樂意聽到別人說自己引起了社會的道德敗壞。參議員羅伯特?多爾上星期質(zhì)問時(shí)代華納公司高級人員時(shí)說:難道這就是你們要成就的事業(yè)嗎?你們已經(jīng)出賣了自己的靈魂,難道你們還非要腐化我們的國家,威脅我們的孩子不成?不過,對于成立于1990年的時(shí)代華納公司而言,這樣的質(zhì)問僅僅只是公司自我反思的比較新表白,是在不同時(shí)期涉及責(zé)任、創(chuàng)作自由和公司底線問題的自我反省。

  于1992年接替已故董事長斯蒂夫?羅斯的56歲的現(xiàn)任董事長杰拉德?萊文是爭論的焦點(diǎn)人物。財(cái)政方面,他承受著抬高股價(jià),減少公司巨額債務(wù)的壓力。在兩筆新的有線電視交易談妥后,債務(wù)將達(dá)到173億美元。他也答應(yīng)出售部分財(cái)產(chǎn)并重組公司,但現(xiàn)在投資者們?nèi)栽诮辜钡氐却?/p>

  人們對說唱音樂的焦慮并沒使他的日子變得好過。萊文一向以它是一種富于表現(xiàn)力的演唱方式為理由來捍衛(wèi)公司的說唱音樂。1992年公司因出品Ice-T樂隊(duì)狂暴的說唱歌曲《警察殺手》后備受譴責(zé)時(shí),萊文說這是街頭文化的合法表達(dá)方式,它應(yīng)該有自己的宣泄途徑。他在《華爾街日報(bào)》一篇專欄文章中寫道:任何一個(gè)民主社會的檢驗(yàn)不在于它能多有效地控制各種情感的表達(dá),而在于是否給予了人們思考和表達(dá)的比較廣泛的自由,盡管有時(shí)這種結(jié)果會引起爭論和憤怒。我們不會在任何威脅面前退卻。

  萊文不愿對上周的辯論做出評論,但有跡象表明這位董事長的強(qiáng)硬立場起碼在一定程度上有所緩和。在上個(gè)月的股東會議上,大家就搖滾樂的歌詞進(jìn)行了討論。萊文宣稱音樂不是社會問題的病因,他甚至還以自己為例。他的兒子是紐約州布朗克斯的一個(gè)教師,用說唱樂的表達(dá)方式與學(xué)生進(jìn)行交流。但他也談到了創(chuàng)作自由和社會責(zé)任之間要保持平衡的問題。他還宣布公司將致力于為一些人們可能會反感的音樂制定發(fā)行和標(biāo)識的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

  總的來說,時(shí)代華納公司的15位董事是支持萊文和公司的經(jīng)營策略的。但內(nèi)部人士透露其中幾位對此事表示擔(dān)憂。我們中的一些人多年來就知道憲法第一修正案所說的自由并非毫無限制,魯斯說,我想與公司有關(guān)系的一些人可能是比較近才意識到這一點(diǎn)。

結(jié)束

特別聲明:①凡本網(wǎng)注明稿件來源為"原創(chuàng)"的,轉(zhuǎn)載必須注明"稿件來源:育路網(wǎng)",違者將依法追究責(zé)任;

②部分稿件來源于網(wǎng)絡(luò),如有侵權(quán),請聯(lián)系我們溝通解決。

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