[閱讀重點(diǎn)] 第一句中的重點(diǎn)是掌握 to make life easier 這個(gè)表述方法,其它部分都是輔助這個(gè)短語的。另外,對于 flap 一詞的理解也至關(guān)重要,在這里它的意思是焦慮、興奮狀態(tài)的意思。第二句中的主干是 defend somebody on the grounds of something(為某種理由或手段為某人辯護(hù))。expression 這里的意思是 the quality of singing or playing a musical instrument with feeling,即表達(dá)方式、腔調(diào),尤指雄辯的語調(diào)、富有表情的唱腔。注意 consistently 是一貫地,一向地的意思,不要與 constantly 混淆。
2、The test of any democratic society, he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column, lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be…
[參考譯文] 對任何一個(gè)民主社會的考驗(yàn),他在《華爾街雜志》的一個(gè)專欄文章中寫到,不在于它能夠多有效地控制各種意見的表達(dá),而在于這個(gè)社會是否能給予思考和表達(dá)的盡可能廣泛的自由,不管有時(shí)候這種結(jié)果是多么的富有爭議或令人不快……
[結(jié)構(gòu)剖析] 這里直接引語被分成兩部分,一部分在主句前,另一部分放在主句之后。在這個(gè)例子里面,直接引語是主句的賓語。直接引語的主干是 The test…… lies not in…… but in……, however……,這是一個(gè)用副詞 however 連接的并列復(fù)合句。
[閱讀重點(diǎn)] 閱讀時(shí)可以先不看直接引語,可以在分別搞清楚主句和作為賓語從句的直接引語的意思后再把主句和直接引語放在一起理解,這樣就比較容易了。另一方面,要理解 however 引導(dǎo)的句子的意思,在這里可以把其理解為不管、不論,在這種用法中,however 一般后面接形容詞。
補(bǔ)充難句翻譯
1、Is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers? Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week. You have sold your souls, but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well?
[參考譯文] 上星期參議員羅博特多爾質(zhì)問時(shí)代華納公司的高級管理人員們:難道這就是你們希望能夠成就的事業(yè)?你們已經(jīng)出賣了自己的靈魂,但是難道你們還非要腐化我們的國家,威脅我們的孩子們嗎?
[結(jié)構(gòu)剖析] 這是一個(gè)有直接引語的復(fù)雜句。首先抓住核心句 Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week,其前后是直接引語。這個(gè)直接引語的前半部分是一個(gè)一般疑問句,后面由兩個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的句子構(gòu)成,由連詞 but 連接。第一個(gè)分句是一個(gè)簡單句,but 后面的句子是一個(gè)一般疑問句。由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 must 引導(dǎo),包括由 and 這個(gè)連詞連的兩個(gè)并列部分,corrupt our nation 和 threaten our children as well 在后面 threaten out children as well 這部分的主語 you 被省略了。
[閱讀重點(diǎn)] 關(guān)鍵要理解 but 后面的一般疑問句,這里并不是表示疑問,而是反問、詰問的意思。當(dāng)并列復(fù)合句的第二個(gè)子句的主語與第一個(gè)子句的主語相同時(shí),第二個(gè)子句的主語可以省。as well 這里是 in addition、also、too 也的意思,經(jīng)常用于句尾。
2、It’s a self-examination that has, at various times, involved issues of responsibility, creative freedom and the corporate bottom line.
[參考譯文] 這是一種在不同時(shí)期會涉及責(zé)任、創(chuàng)作自由和公司底線問題的自我反省。
[結(jié)構(gòu)剖析] 這是一個(gè)有定語從句的復(fù)雜句。閱讀時(shí)首先注意主干為 It is a self-examination…;that 后面引導(dǎo)的是限定性定語從句,修飾 self-examination;定語從句的賓語是一個(gè) of 詞組,其核心是 issues;在介詞 of 后面是三個(gè)并列的短語,都是用來修飾和限定 issues 的。這三個(gè)短語因?yàn)槭遣⒘械年P(guān)系,所以只在比較后一個(gè)短語前面使用并列連詞 and。at various times 是插入語,將動(dòng)詞的兩部分分開了。
[閱讀重點(diǎn)] 這句話的核心在于 self-examination,后面的部分都是用于修飾這個(gè)詞,要正確理解其意思是自我反省、自我檢討。而 corporate bottom line 所指的是一個(gè)公司所能做出的事情或者所能容忍的新聞工作者自由發(fā)揮的比較大限度。
3、During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month’s stockholders’ meeting, Levin asserted that music is not the cause of society’s ills and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students.
[參考譯文] 在上個(gè)月的股東大會上關(guān)于搖滾歌詞的討論中,萊文宣稱說:音樂不是社會問題的原因,他甚至還以他的兒子為例。他的兒子是紐約州布朗克斯的一個(gè)教師,并用說唱音樂與學(xué)生們進(jìn)行溝通。
[結(jié)構(gòu)剖析] 句子的主干是 Levin asserted that…… that even cited……。During…… stockholder’s meeting 這一部分是表示時(shí)間的狀語從句。music is not the cause of society’s ills 是直接引語,作為動(dòng)詞 asserted 的賓語。his son 是動(dòng)詞 cited 的賓語,后面的 a teacher in the Bronx, New York 是賓語 his son 的同位語,比較后面的 who uses rap to communicate with students 是修飾 his son 的定語從句。
[閱讀重點(diǎn)] 這個(gè)句子比較長,但是只要抓住 … Levin asserted that… and even cite…這樣的句子主干,就能明晰 Levin 的主要觀點(diǎn),其它部分的理解也就水到渠成了。
4、I think it is perhaps the case that some people associated with the company have only recently come to realize this.
[參考譯文] 我想大概情況是這樣的:與公司有關(guān)系的一些人直到比較近才意識到這一點(diǎn)。
[結(jié)構(gòu)剖析] I think……是這句話的主干,后面的部分是這句話的賓語從句。在賓語從句當(dāng)中 that 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)同位語從句,說明 case 的具體情況是 some people associated with the company have only recently come to realize this。associated with 相當(dāng)于簡略的定語從句,修飾前面的 people。
[閱讀重點(diǎn)] 重點(diǎn)是要理解 that 引導(dǎo)的是同位語從句,后面的部分說明 case 的具體情況。名詞 fact、dream、idea、notion、proposal 和 news 等等都常常被同位語從句所修飾。
語言點(diǎn)詳解
1. contribute to促成
[大綱詞匯] contribute v.(to)貢獻(xiàn),捐助,捐獻(xiàn);投稿
contribution n.貢獻(xiàn);捐獻(xiàn)(物)
[擴(kuò)充詞匯] contribute to促成,有助于
[經(jīng)典例句] Air pollution contributes to quite a number of diseases.
2. accomplish實(shí)現(xiàn)
[大綱詞匯] accomplish v.完成
[經(jīng)典例句] They are ordered to accomplish to mission in 3 days.
3. corrupt使…腐化
[大綱詞匯] corrupt v.賄賂,收買;a.腐化的,貪污的
[衍生詞匯] corruption n.腐敗
[經(jīng)典例句] He was accused of having corrupted officials in the government.
4. soul-searching良心上的自我反省
[擴(kuò)充詞匯] soul-search v.深刻反省
soul-searching n.深刻反省,自我解剖
5. corporate公司的
[擴(kuò)充詞匯] corporate a.公司的;法人的,合伙的
[經(jīng)典例句] These deeds will definitely damage the corporate image.
6.bottom line賬本底線
7. at the core of在…的中心
[大綱詞匯] core n.果核;中心,核心
[經(jīng)典例句] The issue lies at the core of the discussion.
8. take over接管
[大綱詞匯] take over接管,接辦
[經(jīng)典例句] The company went downward since he took over.
9. late已故的
[大綱詞匯] late a.遲的,晚的,晚期的;已故的;ad.遲地,晚地
[經(jīng)典例句] The late president was always respected by the people.
10. on the financial front就財(cái)政方面而言
[大綱詞匯] front n.前面,正面;前線,戰(zhàn)線,陣線a.前面的,前部的v.面對,朝向
[經(jīng)典例句] The government has made great progress in the educational front.
11. under pressure受到壓力
[大綱詞匯] pressure n.壓(力);強(qiáng)制,壓迫,壓強(qiáng)
[經(jīng)典例句] The director was under great pressure to veto the decision.
12. stock price股票價(jià)格
13. mountainous山一樣的
[大綱詞匯] mountainous a.多山的,山一般的
[經(jīng)典例句] The homework assigned to us is mountainous.
14. close a deal做成一筆交易
[大綱詞匯] deal n.數(shù)量,程度;交易
[經(jīng)典例句] The deal is not close yet and it is not the time to celebrate.
15. sell off賣掉
[擴(kuò)充詞匯] sell off賣掉
[經(jīng)典例句] She sold off her house in downtown and moved to the suburb.
16. restruture重組
[擴(kuò)充詞匯] restructure v.再構(gòu)成,重建;重組
[經(jīng)典例句] It is our urgent task to restructure our economy.
17. the flap over rap由于說唱引起的焦慮
[大綱詞匯] flap n.垂下物,帽檐,袋蓋;n./v.拍打,拍動(dòng)
[經(jīng)典例句] Everything was working smoothly and there is no flap.
15. rap music說唱音樂
[擴(kuò)充詞匯] rap n.說唱(一種音樂形式)
19. on the ground of以…為理由
[擴(kuò)充詞匯] on the ground of根據(jù),以…為理由
[經(jīng)典例句] He refused to give her the job on the ground of ill-health.20.under fire受到攻擊
[擴(kuò)充詞匯] under fire受到攻擊(批評或責(zé)難)
[經(jīng)典例句] The basic policy is under fire.
21. release發(fā)行
[大綱詞匯] release v.釋放,解放;發(fā)表,發(fā)行
[經(jīng)典例句] Her new book was released only a few day ago.
22. outlet發(fā)泄的方法
[大綱詞匯] outlet n.出路,出口;發(fā)泄方法,排遣
[經(jīng)典例句] The child needs an outlet for all the energy.
23. lie in在于
[大綱詞匯] lie v.躺,平放;位于lie in在于
[經(jīng)典例句] The possible solution of the issue lies in his apology.
24. latitude自由
[大綱詞匯] latitude n.緯度
[擴(kuò)充詞義] latitude n.(言語、行動(dòng)等的)自由
[經(jīng)典例句] He gave me considerable latitude in how I spend the money.
25. disputable有爭議的
[大綱詞匯] dispute v.爭論
[衍生詞匯] disputable a.有爭議的,可商榷的
[經(jīng)典例句] His claim to the land is highly disputable.
26. irritating令人惱火的
[大綱詞匯] irritate v.激怒,惱火,使急躁
[衍生詞匯] irritating a.令人惱火的
[經(jīng)典例句] She was terribly disturbed by the irritating noise in the next door.
27. retreat退讓
[大綱詞匯] retreat v.撤退,退卻
[經(jīng)典例句] She retreated to her desk and continued with her work.
28. in the face of面對
[經(jīng)典例句] He won‘t give up his effort in the face of difficulty.
29. comment on評論
[大綱詞匯] comment n.注釋,評論,意見;v.(on)注釋,評論
[經(jīng)典例句] They refused to comment on the conflicts between the two parties.
30. back off放棄(主張)
[擴(kuò)充詞匯] back off(=back down)放棄原來的主張,打退堂鼓
[經(jīng)典例句] He backed off his opinion under pressure.
31. hard-line強(qiáng)硬路線的
[擴(kuò)充詞匯] hard-line a.(主張采。⿵(qiáng)硬路線的,不妥協(xié)的hard-liner n.(主張)強(qiáng)硬路線者,不妥協(xié)者
[經(jīng)典例句] The newly elected president insist on hard-line foreign policy.
32. to some extent在某種程度上
[經(jīng)典例句] The answer is negative to some extent.
33. assert宣稱
[大綱詞匯] assert v.斷言,宣稱
[衍生詞匯] assertion n.語氣肯定的話,斷言
[經(jīng)典例句] He asserted his idea, clearly and loudly.
34. cite引用
[大綱詞匯] cite v.引用,引證;舉例
[經(jīng)典例句] He cited Shakespeare in his thesis.
35. launch a drive發(fā)起一場運(yùn)動(dòng)
[衍生詞義] drive n.運(yùn)動(dòng)
a sales drive推銷運(yùn)動(dòng)
[經(jīng)典例句] The municipal government launched a drive against pollution.
36. label歸類
[大綱詞匯] label v.貼標(biāo)簽于……,把……稱為;n.標(biāo)簽;標(biāo)記,符號
[經(jīng)典例句] She labeled the boy a thief.
37. potentially潛在地
[大綱詞匯] potential a.潛在的,可能的;勢的,位的
[衍生詞匯] potentially ad.潛在地
[經(jīng)典例句] People considered him a Potentially successful businessman.
38. objectionable會引起反對的
[大綱詞匯] objection v.(to)反對,異議
[衍生詞匯] objectionable a.會引起反對的
[經(jīng)典例句] He didn‘t realize that it would be an objectionable movie when he shot it.
39. strategy戰(zhàn)略
[大綱詞匯] strategy n.戰(zhàn)略,策略
[經(jīng)典例句] The government adopted a strategy of massive deflation.
40. First Amendment(美國憲法)第一次修正案
[大綱詞匯] amend v.修改,修正
[衍生詞匯] amendment n.修改,修正;修正案
41. be associated with與……有關(guān)系的
[大綱詞匯] associate v.(with)使聯(lián)系,使聯(lián)合;交往,結(jié)合
[經(jīng)典例句] They were closely associated with each other in the war.
42. come to realize認(rèn)識到
[大綱詞匯] realize v.認(rèn)識到,體會到;實(shí)現(xiàn)
[經(jīng)典例句] The school came to realize the necessity of change their method of teaching.
43. be liable to易于…
[大綱詞匯] liable a.(for)有責(zé)任的,有義務(wù)的;(to + infinitive)有……傾向的,易于…的
[經(jīng)典例句] He is liable to evade his responsibilities.
44. compromise妥協(xié)
[大綱詞匯] compromise v./n.妥協(xié),折衷
[經(jīng)典例句] They forced him to compromise, but he refused firmly.
45. stick to堅(jiān)持
[大綱詞匯] stick to堅(jiān)持;忠于;信守
[經(jīng)典例句] Everybody knows that his always sticks to principles.
46. yield to屈服
[大綱詞匯] yield v.出產(chǎn),生長;(to)屈服,服從;n.產(chǎn)量,收獲
[經(jīng)典例句] They believed he would yield to his father‘s pressure soon.
全文翻譯
沒有一家公司樂意聽到別人說自己引起了社會的道德敗壞。參議員羅伯特?多爾上星期質(zhì)問時(shí)代華納公司高級人員時(shí)說:難道這就是你們要成就的事業(yè)嗎?你們已經(jīng)出賣了自己的靈魂,難道你們還非要腐化我們的國家,威脅我們的孩子不成?不過,對于成立于1990年的時(shí)代華納公司而言,這樣的質(zhì)問僅僅只是公司自我反思的比較新表白,是在不同時(shí)期涉及責(zé)任、創(chuàng)作自由和公司底線問題的自我反省。
于1992年接替已故董事長斯蒂夫?羅斯的56歲的現(xiàn)任董事長杰拉德?萊文是爭論的焦點(diǎn)人物。財(cái)政方面,他承受著抬高股價(jià),減少公司巨額債務(wù)的壓力。在兩筆新的有線電視交易談妥后,債務(wù)將達(dá)到173億美元。他也答應(yīng)出售部分財(cái)產(chǎn)并重組公司,但現(xiàn)在投資者們?nèi)栽诮辜钡氐却?/p>
人們對說唱音樂的焦慮并沒使他的日子變得好過。萊文一向以它是一種富于表現(xiàn)力的演唱方式為理由來捍衛(wèi)公司的說唱音樂。1992年公司因出品Ice-T樂隊(duì)狂暴的說唱歌曲《警察殺手》后備受譴責(zé)時(shí),萊文說這是街頭文化的合法表達(dá)方式,它應(yīng)該有自己的宣泄途徑。他在《華爾街日報(bào)》一篇專欄文章中寫道:任何一個(gè)民主社會的檢驗(yàn)不在于它能多有效地控制各種情感的表達(dá),而在于是否給予了人們思考和表達(dá)的比較廣泛的自由,盡管有時(shí)這種結(jié)果會引起爭論和憤怒。我們不會在任何威脅面前退卻。
萊文不愿對上周的辯論做出評論,但有跡象表明這位董事長的強(qiáng)硬立場起碼在一定程度上有所緩和。在上個(gè)月的股東會議上,大家就搖滾樂的歌詞進(jìn)行了討論。萊文宣稱音樂不是社會問題的病因,他甚至還以自己為例。他的兒子是紐約州布朗克斯的一個(gè)教師,用說唱樂的表達(dá)方式與學(xué)生進(jìn)行交流。但他也談到了創(chuàng)作自由和社會責(zé)任之間要保持平衡的問題。他還宣布公司將致力于為一些人們可能會反感的音樂制定發(fā)行和標(biāo)識的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
總的來說,時(shí)代華納公司的15位董事是支持萊文和公司的經(jīng)營策略的。但內(nèi)部人士透露其中幾位對此事表示擔(dān)憂。我們中的一些人多年來就知道憲法第一修正案所說的自由并非毫無限制,魯斯說,我想與公司有關(guān)系的一些人可能是比較近才意識到這一點(diǎn)。
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22
2009.04
Rumor has it that more than 20 books on creationism/evolution are in the publisher's pipelines......
22
2009.04
In the last half of the nineteenth century capital and labor were enlarging and perfecting thei......