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| 7.He had never been to school or university but had studied privately and by the time he was twenty he was a skillful chemist and excellent linguist, speaking Swedish, Russian, German, France, and English. 結(jié)構(gòu) 全句有4個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞:had been,had studied,was 和was。全句由三個(gè)并列的簡(jiǎn)單句組成。he was twenty是一個(gè)由by the time引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。其中句末的現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)speaking Swedish, Russian, German, France, and English 作伴隨狀語(yǔ),對(duì)excellent linguist進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明。 翻譯 他從來(lái)沒(méi)有上過(guò)中學(xué)或大學(xué),但是他都是自學(xué)的。到20歲時(shí),他已經(jīng)是一個(gè)很熟練的化學(xué)家,一個(gè)優(yōu)秀的語(yǔ)言學(xué)家,會(huì)說(shuō)瑞典語(yǔ),俄語(yǔ),德語(yǔ),法語(yǔ)和英語(yǔ)。 8.The materials used – copper, stainless steel, concrete and glass- give the building a striking beauty. 結(jié)構(gòu) 全句只有1個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞:give。句子主干是:The materials give the building a striking beauty。其中,過(guò)去分詞used作為后置定語(yǔ)修飾materials。現(xiàn)在分詞striking作定語(yǔ)修飾beauty。破折號(hào)之間的并列的名詞結(jié)構(gòu)是materials的同位語(yǔ),起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用。 翻譯 使用的這些建材——銅,不銹鋼,水泥和玻璃等——給這個(gè)建筑物增添了一種奪目的魅力。 9.After all, eighty was a special birthday, another decade lived or endured just as you chose to look at it. 結(jié)構(gòu) 全句有2個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞:was和chose。句子主干為:eighty was a special birthday。Another decade是birthday的同位語(yǔ),后面的lived or endured是過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)修飾decade。最后是as引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句。 翻譯 畢竟,八十大壽是一個(gè)特殊的生日,是又生活了十年還是忍受了十年全憑你選擇怎么去看待了。 10.But at least they would distinguish the organizations entitled to a continuing voice in the dialogue with the research community about the rights of animals in research from the organizations that deserve no say. 結(jié)構(gòu) 全句有2個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞:would distinguish和deserve.句子主干是:they would distinguish the organizations…from the organizations that…其中,entitled to a continuing voice是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作為后置定語(yǔ)修飾第一個(gè)organizations.其后是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的介詞短語(yǔ),其主干是in the dialogue with…about…。that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾第二個(gè)organizations.并且,還應(yīng)注意到整句話的主要結(jié)構(gòu):distinguish…from…. 翻譯 但是,至少他們會(huì)分辨出哪些組織有資格與研究機(jī)構(gòu)繼續(xù)進(jìn)行對(duì)話,就科研活動(dòng)中的動(dòng)物的權(quán)力發(fā)表意見(jiàn),而哪些組織不應(yīng)進(jìn)行這種對(duì)話。 11.Registering for classes, becoming familiar with the buildings on campus, buying books, adding and dropping classes, and paying fees are confusing for everyone. 結(jié)構(gòu) 全句只有1個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞:are.值得注意的是這一句話的主語(yǔ)是5個(gè)并列的動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ): Registering, becoming familiar, buying books, adding and dropping classes, and paying fees。并且,在系動(dòng)詞are后的confusing是一個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞形式,具有形容詞的性質(zhì),意為“把人搞亂的,令人糊涂的”。 翻譯 到班里注冊(cè),熟悉校園內(nèi)的建筑,買書,選課還有交費(fèi)——這些事把每個(gè)人都弄糊涂了。 12.Spending all their time working to a rigid curriculum, the passing of examinations by their pupils gradually became the whole object of their working life. 結(jié)構(gòu) 全句只有1謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞:became。句子主干為:the passing of examinations became the whole object。句首的現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)Spending all their time working to a rigid curriculum在句子中作原因狀語(yǔ)。注意the passing of examinations表示通過(guò)考試,其中examinations應(yīng)該是passing的賓語(yǔ),這種結(jié)構(gòu)很常見(jiàn),如:the hunting of the animal等。句子末尾的working是現(xiàn)在分詞作為形容詞修飾life,表示“工作生活”。 翻譯 他們把自己的全部時(shí)間都用于按照苛刻的課程表進(jìn)行授課,學(xué)生能通過(guò)考試已經(jīng)漸漸變成他們自己授課工作的全部目標(biāo)。 13.Being very short of money and wanting to do something useful, I applied, fearing as I did so, that without a degree and with no experience in teaching my chances of getting the job were slim. 結(jié)構(gòu) 全句有3個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞:applied,did和were。其中主句的是:applied。句子主干為:I applied。句首的并列的現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)Being very short of money和wanting to do something useful作原因狀語(yǔ),fearing 實(shí)際上是一個(gè)伴隨狀語(yǔ),as I did so是as引導(dǎo)的一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。that引導(dǎo)的是fearing的賓語(yǔ)從句。 翻譯 由于手頭很缺錢,同時(shí)也想干點(diǎn)兒有用的事,我就提出了申請(qǐng),但在申請(qǐng)時(shí)我也擔(dān)心,自己沒(méi)有文憑也沒(méi)有教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn),得到這份工作的希望是很渺茫的。 14.They also bring together in one display a group of object drawn from various parts of the museum in an effort to represent the whole life-style of a region or a historical period. 結(jié)構(gòu) 全句只有1個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞:bring。句子主干為:They also bring together a group of object。其中,過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)drawn from various parts of the museum作為后置定語(yǔ)修飾a group of object。句子后半部分的介詞短語(yǔ)in an effort to…是句子的目的狀語(yǔ)。 翻譯 他們還聚集了一批來(lái)自博物館的各個(gè)部分的展品,放在一場(chǎng)展覽中展出,力圖展示代表了一個(gè)地區(qū)或一個(gè)歷史時(shí)期的生活方式。 15.The problem is how museums can continue to serve as storehouses for treasures while encouraging public to enjoy visiting them. 結(jié)構(gòu) 全句有2個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞:is和 can continue。句子主干為:The problem is how。how引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句。其中,現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)encouraging public to enjoy visiting them作為伴隨狀語(yǔ),表示museums在continue的同時(shí)還能夠encouraging. 翻譯 問(wèn)題是博物館怎樣既能起到珍品寶庫(kù)的作用,同時(shí)又能公眾樂(lè)于參觀。 |
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