在美國一般都叫rest room或bath room(男女廁均可)或分別叫做 men‘s room 或 ladies‘ room(=powder room" />
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| 廁所 在美國一般都叫rest room或bath room(男女廁均可)或分別叫做 men‘s room 或 ladies‘ room(=powder room),不過在飛機(jī)上,則叫 lavatory,在軍中又叫 latrine。至于 W.C.(water closet)仍是過去英國人用的,在美國,幾乎沒有人使用。 解小便 最普通的說法是 to urinate(名詞是 urination),如果去看病,護(hù)士為了化驗(yàn)小便,就會(huì)給你一個(gè)杯子說:「Will (could) you urinate in this cup?」醫(yī)生或許也會(huì)問:「Do you have trouble urinating?」=Do you have difficulty voiding?(小便有困難嗎?) 此外,還有其他的說法:to piss = to take a piss = to take a leak = to void = to empty。 例如: I need to piss = I have to take a leak. How often do you get up at night to void?(晚上起床小便幾次?) 此外,john(j 小寫時(shí),不是男人名字)是 bath room 或 toilet 的意思(也叫 outhouse),這通常是指在戶外工作場地所使用的臨時(shí)或流動(dòng)性廁所(有時(shí)前面也加 portable 一字)。不過也有老外把家里的廁所叫做 john。 例如: There are several (portable) johns in the construction site.(在建筑場地有幾個(gè)臨時(shí)廁所。) He went to the john a few minutes ago.(他在幾分鐘前上了廁所。) The manual labours have to use (portable) johns during their working hours.(勞動(dòng)者在工作時(shí)間內(nèi)需要使用流動(dòng)性廁所。) 不過,小孩多半用 to pee 。例如: The boy needs to pee. 然而,「小便檢查」又叫做 urine test,因?yàn)檫@里的 urine 是化驗(yàn)的樣品(specimen)。 例如: Do I need a urine test? 注意:to piss off 是片語,又是指對(duì)人生氣或?qū)κ挛锏牟粷M。不過這是不禮貌的片語,少用為妙。 例如: He pissed me off. = He made me angry. He always pisses off (at) the society.(對(duì)社會(huì)不滿) 如果「小便」有毛病,也可以告訴醫(yī)生說: My urine is cloudy and it smells strong.(有濁尿,味道很重) I have pus (或air)in urine.(尿有泡沫) (pus = cloudy; air = bubble) I dribble a little urine after I have finished urinating.(小便后還會(huì)滴滴答答。)(即失禁毛病) I am passing less urine than usual.(小便的量比平時(shí)少) 解大便 一般是用 to make(或 have)a bowel movement 或 to take a shit。如果看病,醫(yī)生常問:「Do you have regular bowel movement?」(大便正常嗎?)(說得斯文些,就是「大腸在轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)」) 此外,還有其他的說法: to defecate =to discharge excrement(或 feces)=to take feces (或 faeces)。 例如: The patient needs to take a shit. (=to make a bowel movement) 不過,小孩多半是用 to make a poo poo 或 to make a BM. 。 例如: The boy had a stinky BM.(大便奇臭。) 但是「大便檢查」倒叫做 stool exam,因?yàn)?stool 也是一種化驗(yàn)的樣品。 例如: The doctor has to exam his stool.(醫(yī)生要檢查他的大便。) 放屁 在美語里最常用的是 to expel gas 或 to fart 或 to make (或 pass)gas。 例如: 醫(yī)生有時(shí)問:「How often do you expel(或 make 或 pass)gas?」(你放屁的次數(shù)很多嗎?) Is the gas expelled by belching?(是否打嗝后就會(huì)放屁呢?)(動(dòng)詞是 belch) He said the more he ate, the more he farted.(吃的愈多,放屁也愈多。) He has passed more gas than usual within the last two days.(過去兩天中,他放屁比平常多。) Be careful not to fart in the public.(注意在公共場所不可放屁。) 至于消化不良,大便不通或拉肚子,也有不同的說法。 例如: I have an upset stomach.(消化不良) = I have heartburn. = I have indigestion. 注意:Heartburn 是指胃不舒服,不是「心痛」(heartache) Something has upset my stomach for two weeks.(胃不舒服有兩星期了。) He has(persistent)constipation.(或 irregularity)(他經(jīng)常便秘。) 或 He has been unusually constipated.(便秘很反常。)或 He is having problem with irregularity.(或 constipation); 或 He has no bowel movement for the past few days. He has bouts of diarrhea.=He is having trouble with diarrhea.(他拉了一陣肚子。) He can see trace of blood and pus or mucus in his stool(或 bowel movement)(大便時(shí)可看到血絲和粘膜。) |
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